Question 1

Which of the following best explains why cells are generally small in size?

Accepted Answer

To maximize their surface-to-volume ratio, facilitating efficient exchange of materials.

Question 2

A scientist observes a specimen using a microscope with a maximum magnification of $$	imes 1000. $$Which type of microscope is being used?

Accepted Answer

Light Microscope (LM)

Question 3

Which of the following structures is present in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 4

A cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which type of solution is the cell in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic solution

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It maintains membrane fluidity and temperature stability.

Question 7

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will lose water and become plasmolyzed.

Question 8

Which cell junction allows ions and small molecules to pass directly from one animal cell to another?

Accepted Answer

Gap junction

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound organelles

Question 10

The endosymbiont theory is supported by which of the following pieces of evidence?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA and reproduce by binary fission.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the 'Fluid Mosaic Model' of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A phospholipid bilayer with proteins and other molecules embedded, allowing fluidity and movement.

Question 12

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 13

A cell needs to move glucose against its concentration gradient. Which process will it use?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Cell-cell recognition

Question 15

Which structure is unique to plant cells and provides rigidity and protection?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 16

Which process describes the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from high to low concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world application of aquaporins?

Accepted Answer

Medical research on water regulation in cells

Question 18

A scientist wants to study the internal structure of a cell in high detail. Which microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)

Question 19

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of charged substances across the membrane using transport proteins, down their concentration gradient.

Question 20

Which of the following is a multi-step process that involves the cell engulfing a large molecule or droplet of fluid?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis (Active)

Cell Structure and Membrane Transport: General Biology Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica