Question 1

Which of the following best explains why eukaryotic cells are able to carry out complex metabolic reactions more efficiently than prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles that compartmentalize specific chemical reactions.

Question 2

A cell is placed in a solution with a higher concentration of solutes than its cytoplasm. What will most likely happen to an animal cell in this environment?

Accepted Answer

The cell will shrivel as water leaves the cell by osmosis.

Question 3

Which of the following molecules would diffuse most rapidly across a pure phospholipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 4

Which organelle is primarily responsible for the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

A mutation causes a cell to produce a plasma membrane with only saturated fatty acids and no cholesterol. What is the most likely consequence for the cell at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

The membrane will be less fluid and more rigid.

Question 6

Which of the following processes requires the direct expenditure of ATP by the cell?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 7

A Paramecium is placed in freshwater and its contractile vacuole stops functioning. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

It will take on water until it bursts.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a property of biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Their components are rigid and unchanging.

Question 9

Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the sodium-potassium pump is correct?

Accepted Answer

It creates a charge gradient by moving three Na$$^+$$ out and two K$$^+ in.$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

It packages and modifies proteins for transport.

Question 12

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus enclosed by a double membrane.

Question 13

A Gram-negative bacterium is more likely to be resistant to antibiotics because:

Accepted Answer

It has an outer membrane that can be toxic and less peptidoglycan.

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of peroxisomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water

Question 15

Which of the following best describes facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient with the help of membrane proteins

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

It provides shape and organization to the cell.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about ribosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

Question 18

Which of the following is a consequence of a cell having a low surface area-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in transporting materials in and out of the cell.

Question 19

Which of the following structures allows prokaryotes to adhere to surfaces or other cells?

Accepted Answer

Fimbriae

Question 20

A scientist discovers a unicellular organism with a cell wall containing peptidoglycan, no nucleus, and a diameter of 2 $$\mum. To $$which domain does this organism most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Cell Structure, Membrane Function, and Prokaryotic Adaptations: Chapters 6, 7, 27.1 Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard