Question 1

Which of the following features is unique to eukaryotic cells and not found in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Specialized membrane-bound organelles

Question 2

A scientist is using a 0.2 $$\mum $$mesh filter to purify stream water. Which of the following organisms will most likely be removed by this filter?

Accepted Answer

A bacterium such as Giardia

Question 3

Which functional group is responsible for acting as a base and is commonly found in amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Amino group

Question 4

A molecule with the following structure is most likely to be hydrophobic. Which structure is it?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H-C-C-H}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of the vacuole in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Storage of proteins, pigments, and toxins

Question 6

Which hypothesis about the origin of organic molecules on early Earth suggests that energy from lightning could drive the synthesis of amino acids from simple gases?

Accepted Answer

Reducing Atmosphere Hypothesis

Question 7

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

They may contain internal membranes involved in photosynthesis

Question 8

A researcher is studying a molecule that contains a sulfhydryl group. Which property is most likely associated with this group?

Accepted Answer

Forms disulfide bridges

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why carbon is able to form such a wide variety of organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

It can form up to four covalent bonds due to its four unpaired electrons

Question 10

Which functional group is most likely to increase the solubility of a molecule in water due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group

Question 11

A mutation causes a cell to lose the ability to form disulfide bridges. Which amino acid is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Cysteine

Question 12

Which of the following is a property of the phosphate functional group that is critical for its role in ATP?

Accepted Answer

Has strong potential to react with water and release energy

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the difference between the Deep Sea Vent Hypothesis and the Reducing Atmosphere Hypothesis for the origin of life?

Accepted Answer

The Deep Sea Vent Hypothesis involves mineral catalysts and heat, while the Reducing Atmosphere Hypothesis involves lightning and a reducing atmosphere.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic that can be used to distinguish a bacterial cell from a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a cell wall

Question 15

A molecule with a non-polar functional group will most likely:

Accepted Answer

Be hydrophobic

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why eukaryotic cells can be much larger than prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They contain specialized organelles that compartmentalize cellular functions

Question 17

Which of the following is a real-world application of fluorescence imaging in cell biology?

Accepted Answer

Visualizing the location of specific proteins within living cells

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of functional groups in organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

They determine the physical and chemical properties of molecules

Question 19

A plant cell is observed to have a large organelle filled with pigments. What is the most likely function of this organelle?

Accepted Answer

Storage of pigments and other compounds

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the presence of a hydroxyl group increases the solubility of a molecule in water?

Accepted Answer

It forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules

Cells, Organelles, & Biomolecules: Structure and Function in Biology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard