Question 1

A cube-shaped cell with sides measuring 10 mm each has a surface area-to-volume ratio of:

Accepted Answer

$$0.6$$

Question 2

Which of the following best explains why cells are generally small in size?

Accepted Answer

Smaller cells have a higher surface area-to-volume ratio, facilitating efficient exchange of materials.

Question 3

What is the primary function of the nuclear envelope in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the passage of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Question 4

Which structure is directly responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Question 5

If a mutation causes proteins to be sorted into the wrong compartments within a cell, which organelle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT part of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 7

During which phase of the cell cycle does the nuclear envelope break down?

Accepted Answer

Early prometaphase

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

They synthesize membrane and secreted proteins.

Question 9

A scientist uses a compartment-specific stain for the nuclear envelope. Which organelle would be highlighted by this stain?

Accepted Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the nucleolus is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is not membrane-bound.

Question 11

What is the correct sequence for the movement of a secretory protein through the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Rough ER → Golgi apparatus → transport vesicle → plasma membrane

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Drug detoxification

Question 13

Which cellular structure is composed of about 30 different proteins known as nucleoporins?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear pore complex

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the nuclear lamina?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support to the nuclear envelope.

Question 15

A mutation in which of the following would most likely disrupt the assembly of ribosomal subunits?

Accepted Answer

Nucleolus

Question 16

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of organisms and specialized for different functions?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Question 17

Which process is directly regulated by nuclear pores?

Accepted Answer

Transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 18

Which of the following is TRUE about ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

They are complexes made of ribosomal RNA and protein.

Question 19

Which organelle is continuous with the nuclear envelope and involved in the synthesis of membrane and secreted proteins?

Accepted Answer

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of a cell having a low surface area-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

Reduced efficiency in nutrient uptake and waste removal

Cellular Foundations of Life: A Tour of the Cell (BIO 104, Chapter 6, Lecture 14)

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