Question 1

Which structure is primarily responsible for maintaining the shape and mechanical strength of plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 2

What is the main function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing cytoplasmic connections between cells for communication

Question 3

Which layer of the plant cell wall is rich in pectin and is responsible for adhering adjacent cells together?

Accepted Answer

Middle lamella

Question 4

Animal cells lack cell walls but are covered by an elaborate extracellular matrix (ECM). Which of the following is a major component of the ECM?

Accepted Answer

Collagen

Question 5

Which type of cell junction in animal cells prevents the leakage of extracellular fluid across a layer of epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 6

Desmosomes are important for which of the following functions in animal tissues?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring cells together into strong sheets

Question 7

Gap junctions in animal cells are functionally most similar to which plant cell structure?

Accepted Answer

Plasmodesmata

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It supports, adheres, and transmits signals between cells.

Question 9

A patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome has a defect in the extracellular matrix. Which ECM component is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Collagen

Question 10

Which of the following cell junctions is most important for the synchronous contraction of cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the plant cell wall is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

The primary cell wall is composed mainly of cellulose and is flexible.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Carrying out photosynthesis

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why plant cells do not require desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

Plant cells have rigid cell walls that provide structural support.

Question 14

Which of the following structures is found in both plant and animal cells and is involved in cell-to-cell communication?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 15

Which of the following statements about tight junctions is correct?

Accepted Answer

They prevent leakage of extracellular fluid between cells.

Question 16

Which of the following is a direct consequence of a defect in collagen synthesis in the ECM?

Accepted Answer

Weak connective tissues and hyperelastic skin

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a component of the plant cell wall?

Accepted Answer

Collagen

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the primary and secondary cell walls in plants?

Accepted Answer

The primary cell wall is flexible, while the secondary cell wall is more rigid and durable.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of the middle lamella in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Adhering adjacent cells together

Question 20

Which of the following cell junctions would be most affected in a tissue that requires rapid electrical signaling, such as cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Cellular Foundations of Life: Extracellular Structures and Interactions

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