$$\text{DNA} \rightarrow \text{RNA} \rightarrow \text{Protein}$$

Question 1

Which type of bond is formed between monosaccharides during the synthesis of polysaccharides via dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

Glycosidic linkage

Question 2

What is the correct complementary DNA strand for the sequence 5'-ACCGGTAATGGA-3'?

Accepted Answer

3'-TGGCCATTACCT-5'

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the flow of genetic information according to the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{DNA} ightarrow 	ext{RNA} ightarrow 	ext{Protein}$$

Question 4

Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 5

What type of bond connects nucleotides in a single strand of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiester bond

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a feature shared by all cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 7

According to Chargaff’s rules, if a DNA sample contains 32% adenine, what percentage of thymine would you expect?

Accepted Answer

32%

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches the monomer and polymer pair?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide – Polynucleotide

Question 9

Which structural feature of DNA allows it to store genetic information efficiently?

Accepted Answer

Its double helix with complementary base pairing

Question 10

During translation, which molecule serves as the template for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They have ribosomes

Question 12

Which sugar is found in the backbone of RNA?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 13

Which of the following bonds is responsible for holding together the two strands of the DNA double helix?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Question 14

A mutation changes a cytosine to a thymine in a DNA sequence. Which base would now pair with this mutated thymine during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 15

Which process involves the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template?

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of ribosomes in the cell?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 17

Which of the following correctly describes the backbone of a nucleic acid polymer?

Accepted Answer

Sugar-phosphate backbone

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the structure of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

Accepted Answer

It contains hairpin loops formed by intramolecular base pairing

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct order of events in the synthesis of a polypeptide from genetic information?

Accepted Answer

Transcription $$\rightarrow$$ Translation $$\rightarrow$$ Protein folding

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of errors in protein folding?

Accepted Answer

Development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington’s disease

Cellular Foundations of Life: Structure and Function of Biological Macromolecules and Nucleic Acids

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