Q: Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the overall chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Question 3

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O_2$})$$

Question 4

In the citric acid cycle, which of the following is produced per turn for each pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

3 NADH, 1 FADH$$_2$$, 1 GTP (or ATP)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about fermentation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation regenerates NAD$$^+ to $$keep glycolysis running in the absence of oxygen.

Question 6

What is the primary purpose of NAD$$^+ in $$cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To act as an electron carrier, accepting electrons during redox reactions.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why obligate anaerobes cannot survive in the presence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is toxic to obligate anaerobes because they lack enzymes to detoxify reactive oxygen species.

Question 8

During chemiosmosis in mitochondria, what drives the synthesis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

The movement of protons (H$$^+) $$down their concentration gradient through ATP synthase.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct description of a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

A substance loses electrons (oxidation) while another gains electrons (reduction).

Question 10

If a cell is deprived of oxygen, which process will continue to function?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-world application of fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Production of bread, beer, and yogurt

Question 12

What is the main difference between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation directly transfers a phosphate group to ADP, while oxidative phosphorylation uses a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the fate of carbon atoms from glucose during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They are released as carbon dioxide ($$\mathrm{CO_2$}).$$

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the electron transport chain. Which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

The patient would produce significantly less ATP and rely more on glycolysis and fermentation.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about facultative anaerobes is correct?

Accepted Answer

They can survive using either aerobic or anaerobic respiration, depending on oxygen availability.

Question 16

How many ATP molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

About 34-36 ATP

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 18

In prokaryotes, where does the citric acid cycle occur?

Accepted Answer

In the cytoplasm

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes ATP using energy from the flow of protons across the membrane.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct summary of the energy yield from NADH and FADH$$_2$$ during oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

1 NADH yields about 2.5 ATP; 1 FADH$$_2$$ yields about 1.5 ATP

Chapter 9

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard