Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

NAD+ functions as an oxidizing agent, accepting electrons during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$ ATP and $$2$$ NADH

Question 3

Which process in cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

In the absence of oxygen, which pathway allows cells to continue producing ATP?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 6

What is the main function of the electron transport chain in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To transfer electrons from NADH and FADH$$_2 to $$oxygen, creating a proton gradient

Question 7

Which molecule is produced as a waste product during alcohol fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide ($$CO_2)$$

Question 8

Why does the electron transport chain require a membrane?

Accepted Answer

To establish a proton gradient across the membrane for ATP synthesis

Question 9

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP.

Question 10

A patient’s muscle cells are deprived of oxygen during intense exercise. Which metabolic pathway will be most active?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct analogy for the relationship between glucose and ATP in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is like a large bill, and ATP is like small coins.

Question 12

Which step in cellular respiration produces $$CO_2 as a $$byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Citric acid cycle

Question 13

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

It is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why fermentation produces less ATP than aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation only uses substrate-level phosphorylation and does not utilize the electron transport chain.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate

Question 16

A bacterium is found to survive only in environments without oxygen. What type of metabolism does it most likely use?

Accepted Answer

Obligate anaerobic respiration or fermentation

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the proton-motive force is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the force that drives protons across the mitochondrial membrane through ATP synthase.

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-world application of lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Production of cheese and yogurt

Question 19

If a cell’s electron transport chain uses sulfate ($$SO_4$$^{2-}$$) instead of oxygen as the final electron acceptor, what type of respiration is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic respiration

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the exact number of ATP molecules produced from one glucose molecule during cellular respiration is not always known?

Accepted Answer

The ratio of NADH to ATP is not a whole number and some energy is lost as heat.

Cellular Respiration and Metabolic Pathways: Study Notes for General Biology

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