Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

During cellular respiration, which of the following correctly matches the process with its location in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation occurs across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Question 2

Which of the following statements best explains why oxygen is required for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, allowing the chain to continue operating.

Question 3

A muscle cell is deprived of oxygen during intense exercise. Which process allows it to continue producing ATP, and what is the main byproduct?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid fermentation; lactic acid

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2 ightarrow 6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of NADH and FADH$$_2 in $$cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They act as electron carriers, donating electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation produces ATP during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, while oxidative phosphorylation produces ATP using a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Question 7

A plant is exposed to only green light. What is the most likely effect on its rate of photosynthesis, and why?

Accepted Answer

The rate will decrease because green light is mostly reflected, not absorbed, by chlorophyll.

Question 8

Which of the following best summarizes the differences between C$$_3$$, C$$_4$$, and CAM plants?

Accepted Answer

C$$_3$$ plants use only the Calvin cycle, C$$_4$$ and CAM plants have adaptations to minimize water loss and photorespiration.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the linear electron flow of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Photosystem II absorbs light, water is split, electrons move through the electron transport chain, ATP and NADPH are produced.

Question 10

How many molecules of CO$$_2$$ are required to produce one molecule of glucose ($$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6) $$via the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

6

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It uses the energy of a proton gradient to synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about redox reactions in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is oxidized and oxygen is reduced.

Question 13

A patient is diagnosed with a mitochondrial disorder that impairs the electron transport chain. Which of the following would most likely be observed in their cells?

Accepted Answer

Decreased ATP production and increased reliance on fermentation.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of stomata in plant leaves?

Accepted Answer

They regulate gas exchange, allowing CO$$_2 in $$and O$$_2$$ out.

Question 15

Which of the following is a product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis that is used in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

NADPH

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why fermentation is necessary in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

It allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD$$^+$$ from NADH.

Question 17

Which pigment is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy during photosynthesis, and what color of light does it absorb most efficiently?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a; red and blue

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between autotrophs and heterotrophs in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs produce organic molecules that serve as food for heterotrophs.

Question 19

A scientist measures the ATP yield from one molecule of glucose in a cell performing aerobic respiration. Which of the following is the most accurate estimate for the total number of ATP molecules produced?

Accepted Answer

About 30-32

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct order of the four main stages of aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis: Key Concepts and Terminology (Ch. 7 & 8)

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