Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes what happens to NAD+ during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

NAD+ is reduced to NADH by gaining electrons.

Question 2

During aerobic respiration, which stage produces the greatest number of ATP molecules per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\ \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\ \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 4

In the process of chemiosmosis during cellular respiration, what is the immediate source of energy that drives ATP synthesis?

Accepted Answer

The proton (H+) gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 5

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It directly transfers a phosphate group from a substrate to ADP to form ATP.

Question 6

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, which molecule is oxidized and which is reduced?

Accepted Answer

Water is oxidized and NADP+ is reduced.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the flow of protons (H+) during chemiosmosis in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Protons move from the thylakoid space to the stroma through ATP synthase.

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that impairs the function of ATP synthase in mitochondria. Which of the following would most likely be observed in this patient’s cells?

Accepted Answer

A significant decrease in ATP production during aerobic respiration

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct order of the stages of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis → Krebs Cycle → Electron Transport Chain

Question 10

If a cell is unable to regenerate NAD+ from NADH, which process would be directly affected and why?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis, because NAD+ is required to accept electrons during the oxidation of glucose.

Question 11

Which of the following is a product of the Krebs cycle that is not produced during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

FADH2

Question 12

During photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle (dark reactions) uses which of the following as reactants?

Accepted Answer

CO2, ATP, and NADPH

Question 13

A scientist isolates a chloroplast and measures the pH of the thylakoid space and the stroma after illumination. Which result would support the occurrence of the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

The thylakoid space is more acidic (lower pH) than the stroma.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why oxygen is required for aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 15

If a plant is exposed to a toxin that blocks the movement of protons through ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane, what would be the most immediate effect on photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

ATP production in the chloroplast would decrease.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the relationship between oxidation and reduction is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons, while reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 17

In a real-world scenario, a muscle cell is rapidly using ATP during intense exercise and switches to fermentation. What is the main reason for this metabolic shift?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is not available, so the cell regenerates NAD+ by reducing pyruvate to lactate.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They transfer high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 19

A mutation causes a plant to lack thylakoid membranes in its chloroplasts. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The light reactions of photosynthesis

Question 20

How many net ATP molecules are produced per molecule of glucose during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

2

Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis: Study Guide (Chapters 7-10)

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard