$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the role of redox reactions in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Redox reactions transfer electrons from less electronegative to more electronegative molecules, releasing energy to replenish ATP.

Question 2

During glycolysis, what is the net gain of ATP and NADH molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$2$$ ATP and $$2$$ NADH

Question 3

Which process in cellular respiration occurs regardless of the presence of oxygen and does not release carbon dioxide?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 4

What is the primary function of electron carrier molecules such as NADH and FADH$$_2 in $$cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To transport electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production

Question 5

Which of the following is a byproduct of the citric acid cycle and is considered a waste product?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide ($$CO_2)$$

Question 6

In the process of oxidative phosphorylation, what is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 7

Which step of cellular respiration is responsible for the majority of ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 8

What is the main purpose of chemiosmosis in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

To use the energy from a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis

Question 9

Which of the following organisms can survive without environmental oxygen due to their ability to perform anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Deep-sea floor bacteria

Question 10

During pyruvate oxidation, which molecule is formed from pyruvate and enters the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 11

If a cell is deprived of oxygen, which stage of cellular respiration will be directly inhibited first?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 12

Which equation correctly represents the overall process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{ATP}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis is considered an anaerobic process?

Accepted Answer

It does not require oxygen and can occur in its absence.

Question 14

In the citric acid cycle, how many times does the cycle run for each molecule of glucose consumed?

Accepted Answer

Twice

Question 15

Which of the following is true about substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

It directly transfers a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP.

Question 16

A patient has a genetic defect in ATP synthase. Which process in cellular respiration would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis

Question 17

Which molecule is regenerated at the end of the citric acid cycle to allow the cycle to continue?

Accepted Answer

Oxaloacetate

Question 18

If a cell's electron transport chain is blocked, which of the following would most likely accumulate?

Accepted Answer

NADH

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the energy yield from cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

About 34% of the energy stored in glucose is converted to ATP.

Question 20

A researcher isolates mitochondria and provides them with NADH and oxygen, but no ADP. What will happen?

Accepted Answer

Protons will be pumped, but ATP will not be synthesized.

Cellular Respiration: Pathways and Mechanisms

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