Question 1

Which of the following best explains why most cells are microscopic rather than macroscopic?

Accepted Answer

Because smaller cells have a higher surface area to volume ratio, which facilitates efficient exchange of materials with their environment.

Question 2

A scientist observes a cell with a cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a nucleoid region but no membrane-bound organelles. Which type of cell is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cell

Question 3

Which structure is found in all cells and is responsible for synthesizing proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 4

The cell membrane is described as selectively permeable. Which property of phospholipids is most responsible for this selective permeability?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails, forming a bilayer that allows selective passage of molecules.

Question 5

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of a cell's surface area to volume ratio for a spherical cell?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{4 \pi r^2$}{\frac{4}{3} \pi r^3$}$$

Question 6

Why do eukaryotic cells have multiple membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells compartmentalize different functions, allowing for specialized environments and simultaneous processes.

Question 7

A mutation causes a cell to produce phospholipids with hydrophobic heads and hydrophilic tails. What is the most likely consequence for the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

The membrane would not form a proper bilayer, compromising its selective permeability and integrity.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about chromosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes are packages of DNA that carry genetic information for traits.

Question 9

Which cell structure is present in plant cells but not in most animal cells, and is involved in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 10

A cell is observed to have a cell wall, plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a nucleoid region. Which domain does this cell most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of the cytosol in a cell?

Accepted Answer

It is the jelly-like fluid inside the plasma membrane where cellular processes occur.

Question 12

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 13

Which of the following molecules is most likely to pass freely through the phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 14

If a cell increases in size from a radius of $$1 \ \mu m to$$ $$2 \ \mu m$$, by what factor does its surface area to volume ratio change?

Accepted Answer

It decreases by a factor of 2.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why cells need a high surface area to volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

To efficiently exchange nutrients and waste with their environment.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the nucleoid region in prokaryotic cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is the area where the cell's DNA is located, but it is not surrounded by a membrane.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of proteins embedded in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

They act as channels and carriers to facilitate the movement of specific molecules across the membrane.

Question 19

A student claims that all animal cells have flagella. Which of the following is the best response?

Accepted Answer

Not all animal cells have flagella; for example, sperm cells do, but most animal cells do not.

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of lysosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down and recycling cellular waste and macromolecules.

Cellular Structure and Function: General Biology Chapter 6 Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard