Question 1

Which of the following best explains why cells lining the small intestine have a high surface area-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

It allows for more efficient absorption of nutrients due to increased membrane surface relative to cell volume.

Question 2

A scientist is using a microscope to observe the detailed structure of a cell's nucleus. Which type of microscope should they use?

Accepted Answer

Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a component of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

They synthesize proteins by translating mRNA.

Question 5

A mitochondrion has two membranes. Which of the following sequences correctly lists the structures from outside to inside?

Accepted Answer

Outer membrane, intermembrane space, inner membrane, matrix

Question 6

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of membrane-bound organelles

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the relationship between the nucleus and ribosomes in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus contains DNA, which is transcribed into mRNA; ribosomes use this mRNA to synthesize proteins.

Question 8

Which of the following is the main function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Digesting and recycling cellular waste and macromolecules

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of lipids and detoxification of harmful substances

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct statement about the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a selectively permeable barrier, controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

They contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes similar to those of prokaryotes.

Question 12

Which of the following structures is responsible for converting the energy within food to molecules of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support, helps maintain cell shape, and assists in cell movement.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct order of protein secretion through the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are modified as they pass through the Golgi apparatus, a vesicle containing a secretory protein fuses with the cell's plasma membrane.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains the importance of internal compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It allows for specialized environments and processes to occur simultaneously within the cell.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

It provides structural support and helps regulate cell behavior.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the difference between magnification and resolution in microscopy?

Accepted Answer

Magnification is the increase in apparent size of an object, while resolution is the ability to distinguish two close objects as separate.

Question 19

Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of gap junctions in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

They allow for the passage of water and nutrients between adjacent cells.

Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell – Guided Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica