Q: Which equation correctly summarizes the overall process of photosynthesis in plants?

$$6CO_2 + 12H_2O + \text{Light energy} \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 + 6H_2O$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of photoautotrophs in the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

They use the energy of sunlight to make organic molecules from CO$$_2$$ and other inorganic molecules.

Question 2

Which equation correctly summarizes the overall process of photosynthesis in plants?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 12H_2O + 	ext{Light energy} ightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 + 6H_2O$$

Question 3

During photosynthesis, which molecule is oxidized and which is reduced?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O is $$oxidized and CO$$_2 is $$reduced.

Question 4

Which structure within the chloroplast is the primary site of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membrane

Question 5

What is the main function of the Calvin Cycle in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

To synthesize sugar from CO$$_2$$ using ATP and NADPH.

Question 6

Which pigment is primarily responsible for the green color of leaves and is most directly involved in the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Question 7

Why do leaves appear green to our eyes?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll absorbs violet-blue and red light and reflects and transmits green light.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the electromagnetic spectrum and photosynthesis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Shorter wavelengths of light have greater energy per photon.

Question 9

What is the role of NADP$$^+ in $$the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It is reduced to NADPH, which carries electrons to the Calvin Cycle.

Question 10

Which process in photosynthesis is most directly responsible for the release of oxygen as a by-product?

Accepted Answer

Splitting of water molecules during the light reactions

Question 11

Which of the following best explains the difference between chemiosmosis in mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria pump protons into the intermembrane space, while chloroplasts pump protons into the thylakoid space.

Question 12

A scientist uses a heavy isotope of oxygen to trace the path of oxygen atoms during photosynthesis. If the isotope is supplied in water, where will the labeled oxygen end up?

Accepted Answer

In the oxygen gas released

Question 13

Which phase of the Calvin Cycle involves the enzyme Rubisco catalyzing the attachment of CO$$_2 to a 5-$$carbon sugar?

Accepted Answer

Carbon fixation

Question 14

If a plant is exposed only to green light, what would you expect to happen to its rate of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It would decrease because green light is mostly reflected and not absorbed.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a product of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 16

What is the immediate product of the Calvin Cycle that can be used to synthesize glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the flow of electrons during the light reactions?

Accepted Answer

From water to NADP$$^+$$ via photosystems II and I

Question 18

A mutation disables the enzyme ATP synthase in a plant cell. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of ATP via chemiosmosis

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of photosynthesis for life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

It produces the oxygen in the atmosphere that most organisms need for cellular respiration.

Chapter 8: Photosynthesis – Structure, Function, and Importance in the Biosphere

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