Question 1

Which of the following best describes a chemotroph?

Accepted Answer

An organism that obtains energy from chemical compounds.

Question 2

Which metabolic classification includes organisms that use sunlight as their energy source and carbon dioxide as their carbon source?

Accepted Answer

Photoautotrophs

Question 3

Which of the following organisms is a photoautotroph?

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacteria

Question 4

In the following reaction, which direction represents anabolism?

$$\mathrm{CO_2$} + \mathrm{H_2O} \rightarrow \mathrm{H_2CO_3}$$

Accepted Answer

From carbon dioxide and water to carbonic acid

Question 5

Which of the following statements about catabolic reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic reactions release energy by breaking down molecules.

Question 6

Which of the following is a product of cellular respiration?

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.

Question 8

In the reaction $$\mathrm{Na} + \mathrm{Cl} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na^+} + \mathrm{Cl^-}$$, which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

Sodium is oxidized and acts as the reducing agent.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a macromolecule and its subunit?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acid and nucleotide

Question 10

Which process is most directly responsible for the release of energy during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation of organic molecules

Question 11

Which of the following statements about NAD+ and NADH is correct?

Accepted Answer

NAD+ is the oxidized form and NADH is the reduced form.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about photoheterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

They use sunlight for energy and organic compounds for carbon source.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pairing of metabolic pathway and its function?

Accepted Answer

Anabolism: synthesis of macromolecules

Question 14

During the oxidation of glucose in cellular respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the oxidation of organic molecules releases energy?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are transferred to molecules with lower energy states.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a chemoautotroph?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria

Question 17

Which of the following statements about redox reactions in metabolism is correct?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the coupling of oxidation and reduction reactions?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation and reduction are always coupled; one cannot occur without the other.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the role of enzymes in metabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes decrease the activation energy required for reactions.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the flow of energy in cellular respiration?

$$	ext{Organic compounds} + \mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow \mathrm{CO_2$} + \mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Accepted Answer

Energy is released and captured for cellular work.

Chemical Reactions and Metabolic Pathways in Biology

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