$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{ATP (energy)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion as observed in the lab?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 2

During the diffusion lab, why did the pH in the beaker increase after ammonia was added?

Accepted Answer

Ammonia is a base and decreases the concentration of H$$^+$$ ions.

Question 3

If a second pH probe is placed at the point where ammonia is added, how would its readings compare to a probe placed farther away, and why?

Accepted Answer

The second probe would detect a faster pH increase, and both would eventually have the same reading at equilibrium.

Question 4

What does a slope of zero in the pH vs. time graph indicate during the diffusion experiment?

Accepted Answer

The system has reached dynamic equilibrium; molecules continue to move but there is no net change.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why higher temperature increases the rate of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Higher temperature increases the kinetic energy of molecules, causing them to move faster.

Question 6

Which solution caused the egg to lose the most mass in the osmosis lab, and why?

Accepted Answer

2.0 M sugar, because it is hypertonic and creates the largest concentration gradient, pulling the most water out of the egg.

Question 7

A red blood cell is placed in a solution and swells until it bursts. Which type of solution is it in, and what is the direction of water movement?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic; water moves into the cell.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about osmosis and diffusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Question 9

Which of the following best models a cell in the osmosis lab using decalcified eggs?

Accepted Answer

The decalcified egg membrane acts as a selectively permeable membrane, similar to a cell membrane.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct balanced chemical equation for cellular respiration of glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{ATP (energy)}$$

Question 11

In the cellular respiration lab, what evidence indicated that germination was occurring in the seeds?

Accepted Answer

A large increase in CO$$_2$$ levels, indicating active cellular respiration.

Question 12

Which organelle is primarily responsible for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 13

Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP, and where does it occur?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain); in the mitochondria

Question 14

A seed is placed in a flask with water and oxygen at room temperature. Which of the following best explains why cellular respiration begins?

Accepted Answer

Water softens the seed coat, enzymes become active, and oxygen is available for respiration.

Question 15

Which of the following correctly matches the stage of cellular respiration with its location and main product?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation; mitochondria; ATP

Question 16

A patient is given an intravenous solution of pure water by mistake. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells, and why?

Accepted Answer

Cells will swell and may burst because water moves into the cells from the hypotonic solution.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes dynamic equilibrium in the context of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Molecules continue to move, but there is no net change in concentration.

Question 18

During the osmosis lab, which solution was approximately isotonic to the egg, and what was the observed effect?

Accepted Answer

0.9% NaCl; the egg changed very little in mass.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for seed germination as discussed in the lab?

Accepted Answer

Direct sunlight

Question 20

In the context of the cellular respiration lab, where did the glucose used in the experiment come from?

Accepted Answer

It was stored inside the seeds.

Diffusion, Osmosis, and Cellular Respiration: Lab Study Guide

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