Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in metabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes decrease the activation energy barrier, allowing reactions to proceed faster.

Question 2

What is the definition of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

The sum of all chemical reactions occurring in the body.

Question 3

Which part of the ATP molecule is removed to release energy for cellular work?

Accepted Answer

The last negatively charged phosphate group

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O}$$

Question 5

During which stage of cellular respiration is oxygen NOT required?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 6

Which molecule acts as an electron carrier during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)

Question 7

Why might a very fit athlete have a BMI value in the 'overweight' category?

Accepted Answer

BMI tables do not distinguish between lean muscle mass and body fat.

Question 8

Which BMI classification is associated with LESS mortality than being normal weight?

Accepted Answer

25 to 29 (overweight)

Question 9

Which health consequence is associated with both bulimia and anorexia?

Accepted Answer

Amenorrhea

Question 10

What is the main function of ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

To provide energy for cellular work

Question 11

Which of the following statements about enzymes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze specific chemical reactions.

Question 12

Which factor does NOT influence basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Accepted Answer

Blood type

Question 13

What happens to NAD+ during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to NADH by picking up electrons and hydrogen ions.

Question 14

Which process allows muscle cells to continue producing ATP when oxygen is depleted during intense exercise?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation

Question 15

Which of the following is a consequence of extreme dieting and exercise?

Accepted Answer

It causes the body to use calories more efficiently.

Question 16

Which nutrient can be metabolized in the mitochondria besides glucose?

Accepted Answer

Proteins and fats

Question 17

What is the primary reason males generally have a higher basal metabolic rate than females?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone increases the rate of fat breakdown.

Question 18

Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and ATP synthesis

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Conversion of glucose to lactic acid in yogurt production

Question 20

A patient with anorexia is at increased risk for which of the following conditions due to low body fat?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis

Enzymes, Metabolism, Cellular Respiration, and Body Weight: Study Notes

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