Question 1

If a carbon atom gains a proton, what is the result?

Accepted Answer

It becomes a nitrogen atom.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the bond formed between carbon and hydrogen in methane ($$CH_4$$)?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar covalent bond

Question 3

What is the electron configuration of a neutral carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$ $$2s^2$$ $$2p^2$$

Question 4

Which of the following molecules contains only ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

CaCl$$_2$$

Question 5

A molecule of water ($$H_2O) $$can form hydrogen bonds with how many other water molecules?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why oxygen forms two covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen needs two more electrons to complete its octet.

Question 7

Which intermolecular force is present in all molecules, regardless of polarity?

Accepted Answer

Van der Waals forces (London dispersion)

Question 8

What is the effect of increased absorption of $$CO_2 by $$the oceans on ocean pH?

Accepted Answer

It lowers the pH, making the ocean more acidic.

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the reaction of carbon dioxide with water in the ocean?

Accepted Answer

$$CO_2 + H_2O$$ \rightarrow H_2CO_3$$

Question 10

Which of the following atoms typically forms three covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Question 11

Which element has the highest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 12

A scientist is analyzing the ratio of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 in ice cores. What does a higher ratio of oxygen-18 indicate?

Accepted Answer

Warmer temperatures in the past

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms gain or lose electrons to have eight electrons in their outer shell.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct molecular formula for a molecule containing 6 carbons, 12 hydrogens, and 6 oxygens?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is true?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's high boiling point.

Question 16

Which functional group can participate in hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and Van der Waals forces?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group

Question 17

If chlorine bonds with an atom with an electronegativity difference of 2.0, what type of bond will form?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Atoms always form ionic bonds.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct Lewis structure for ammonia ($$NH_3$$)?

Accepted Answer

A nitrogen atom with three single bonds to hydrogen and one lone pair.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why carbon is able to form a wide variety of molecules?

Accepted Answer

Carbon can form up to four covalent bonds.

General Biology: Atomic Structure, Chemical Bonding, and Intermolecular Forces Study Guide

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