Question 1

Which of the following best describes the 'fluid mosaic model' of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic structure where proteins and lipids move freely within the bilayer, resembling a mosaic.

Question 2

Which process requires energy input from the cell and moves molecules against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 3

A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell will gain water and become turgid.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \mathrm{ATP} $$

Question 5

During aerobic respiration, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$ \mathrm{O_2$} )$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about competitive inhibition is correct?

Accepted Answer

The inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site, reducing enzyme activity.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of an exergonic reaction in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Question 8

In photosynthesis, what is the primary function of chlorophyll?

Accepted Answer

To absorb light energy and transfer electrons.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the direction of electron flow in photosynthesis starting from water ($$ \mathrm{H_2O} $$)?

Accepted Answer

Water $$\rightarrow$$ Photosystem II $$\rightarrow$$ Photosystem I $$\rightarrow$$ NADP+$

Question 10

Which molecule is reduced during the following reaction: $$ \mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \mathrm{ATP} $$?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$ \mathrm{O_2$} )$$

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a function of NADH in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Acting as a final electron acceptor.

Question 12

During glycolysis, how many net ATP molecules are produced per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 13

Which step of aerobic respiration produces the greatest number of ATP molecules?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

Which of the following events occurs during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Water is split to produce oxygen.

Question 15

Which of the following is a product of fermentation in muscle cells under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid

Question 16

Which enzyme catalyzes the fixation of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

Rubisco

Question 17

Which of the following statements about non-competitive inhibition is correct?

Accepted Answer

The inhibitor binds to a site other than the active site, altering enzyme activity.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of an endergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water during photosynthesis.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 20

During photosynthesis, which cellular location is responsible for the light-dependent reactions?

Accepted Answer

Thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

General Biology: Cell Structure, Metabolism, and Photosynthesis Study Guide

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