Question 1

Which of the following macromolecules is NOT a polymer composed of repeating monomer units?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 2

A sugar molecule with the carbonyl group at the end of the carbon chain is classified as which type of monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Aldose

Question 3

Which of the following best describes an asymmetric carbon?

Accepted Answer

A carbon atom bonded to four different atoms or groups

Question 4

Which component of an amino acid determines its chemical activity and properties?

Accepted Answer

The R group (side chain)

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Question 6

In DNA, which base pairs with guanine, and how many hydrogen bonds form between them?

Accepted Answer

Cytosine; 3 hydrogen bonds

Question 7

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 8

Which of the following statements correctly describes the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus; prokaryotic cells do not.

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Providing structural support and regulating cell behavior

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the composition of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A double layer of phospholipids with embedded proteins and cholesterol

Question 11

During osmosis, water moves across a selectively permeable membrane from:

Accepted Answer

A region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration

Question 12

Which scientist is most famously associated with the discovery of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Robert Hooke

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a basic feature shared by all cells?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 14

Which compartment of the mitochondrion contains the enzymes for the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

Matrix

Question 15

Which type of R group in amino acids is most likely to participate in hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

Polar uncharged

Question 16

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Lose water and shrink

Question 17

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship for diffusion rate according to Fick's Law?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 18

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for secretion?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 19

Which of the following is a motor protein that moves along microtubules?

Accepted Answer

Kinesin

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct description of a peptide bond?

Accepted Answer

A covalent bond between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another

General Biology: Core Concepts and Terminology Study Guide

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