Question 1

Which of the following best describes an emergent property in biology?

Accepted Answer

A property that arises from the interaction of simpler elements, such as the ability of a bike to be ridden only when all parts are assembled.

Question 2

Two atoms that differ in their number of neutrons, but have the same number of protons and electrons, are called:

Accepted Answer

Isotopes

Question 3

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity increases as atomic size decreases, making smaller atoms more electronegative.

Question 4

In a water molecule, what type of bond is formed between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms?

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent bond

Question 5

Hydrophobic interactions are best described as:

Accepted Answer

The tendency of nonpolar molecules to aggregate in water, minimizing their exposure to water molecules.

Question 6

A solution with pH 4 has how many times higher hydrogen ion concentration than a solution of pH 2?

Accepted Answer

$$100$$ times lower hydrogen ion concentration

Question 7

When a strong acid is added to a buffered solution, what happens?

Accepted Answer

The basic form of the buffer becomes protonated.

Question 8

Which of the following atoms is NOT found in a strict hydrocarbon molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 9

Which functional group can exist in a charged state and is commonly found in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Phosphate

Question 10

Trans-fatty acids are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated

Question 11

The removal of an amino acid from a protein is an example of which type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis reaction

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between alpha and beta glucose?

Accepted Answer

They are different isomers.

Question 13

Monosaccharides are classified as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Simple sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed into smaller carbohydrates.

Question 14

Which of the following is a nucleotide found in RNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Question 15

A nitrogenous base that forms two hydrogen bonds with its partner in DNA is:

Accepted Answer

Adenine

Question 16

Which level of protein structure is characterized by alpha helices and beta sheets?

Accepted Answer

Secondary structure

Question 17

Which functional group is present in the R-group of cysteine and is important for disulfide bond formation?

Accepted Answer

Sulfhydryl

Question 18

According to the endosymbiotic theory, the inner membrane of mitochondria is most similar to:

Accepted Answer

The plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells

Question 19

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Question 20

Muscle fibers contract because actin filaments interact with which protein?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

General Biology Exam 1 Study Guide: Key Concepts and Review

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