Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the four emergent properties of water that contribute to Earth's suitability for life?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat capacity

Question 2

Which statement best describes the relationship between structure and function in biological molecules?

Accepted Answer

Structure determines function because the shape and chemical properties of a molecule enable its specific biological activity.

Question 3

A scientist is testing the effect of pH on enzyme activity. What is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The pH of the solution

Question 4

Which of the following best describes a negative feedback mechanism in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A process that reduces the effect of the original stimulus to maintain homeostasis

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C$$_{10}$$H_{16}N_5O$$_{13}$$P_3$$}$

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 7

Which of the following best describes dehydration synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A process that joins monomers to form polymers by removing water

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct example of a carbohydrate monomer and its corresponding polymer?

Accepted Answer

Glucose and starch

Question 9

Which of the following functional groups is found in amino acids and is responsible for their basic properties?

Accepted Answer

Amino group ($$-\mathrm{NH_2$})$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about phospholipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids are composed of a glycerol backbone, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group.

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct comparison between potential energy and kinetic energy?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is stored energy, while kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a property of carbon that makes it the backbone of life?

Accepted Answer

Carbon is highly reactive and unstable.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of a controlled experiment?

Accepted Answer

An experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time while all other variables are kept constant.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct order of the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct example of a chemical reaction involving reactants and products?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{2H_2 + O_2$ \rightarrow 2H_2O}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a nucleic acid monomer and its polymer?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide and DNA

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a double helix composed of two strands held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT one of the three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

Protista

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of Charles Darwin in biology?

Accepted Answer

Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection, explaining how species change over time.

General Biology: Foundational Concepts and Molecular Basis of Life

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