$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ M

$$\text{Total Magnification} = \text{Objective Magnification} \times \text{Ocular Magnification}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a dependent variable in a scientific experiment?

Accepted Answer

The variable that is measured as a response to changes in another variable

Question 2

A student is testing the effect of different concentrations of salt on plant growth. Which is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The concentration of salt in the soil

Question 3

Which equation correctly calculates the pH of a solution given the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}([H^+])$$

Question 4

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 5

Which reagent is used to test for the presence of starch in a biological sample, and what color indicates a positive result?

Accepted Answer

Lugol's iodine; blue-black color

Question 6

A student adds Benedict's solution to a sample and heats it. The solution turns orange. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

Presence of reducing sugars

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of a buffer in a biological system?

Accepted Answer

It maintains a stable pH by neutralizing acids and bases

Question 8

Which formula is used to calculate the total magnification of a compound microscope?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total Magnification} = 	ext{Objective Magnification} 	imes 	ext{Ocular Magnification}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic cells have mitochondria

Question 10

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will lose water and undergo plasmolysis

Question 11

Which stain is commonly used to identify organelles visible in eukaryotic cells under a microscope?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Question 13

A student observes a Paramecium engulfing a food particle. Which cellular process is being observed?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct definition of osmotic potential?

Accepted Answer

The ability of a solution to draw water across a semi-permeable membrane

Question 15

Which equation can be used to determine the absorbance of a solution using spectrophotometry?

Accepted Answer

$$A = \varepsilon c l$$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about cyanobacteria is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are photosynthetic prokaryotes

Question 17

A student is asked to classify a solution as hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic relative to a cell. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as the cell

Question 18

Which part of the light microscope is responsible for controlling the amount of light that reaches the specimen?

Accepted Answer

Iris diaphragm

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct application of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Testing a hypothesis by designing a controlled experiment

Question 20

A student observes that a plant cell placed in distilled water becomes turgid. What type of solution is distilled water relative to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

General Biology Laboratory Study Guide: Scientific Method, Organic Molecules, Microscopy, and Cell Biology

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