$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the Fluid-Mosaic Model of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A dynamic structure where proteins and lipids move freely within a bilayer, allowing selective permeability.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will most likely happen to the cell, and why?

Accepted Answer

It will swell and possibly burst because water will move into the cell by osmosis.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of passive transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion of glucose through a channel protein.

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the summary reaction for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 5

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP produced, and what process is responsible?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain; oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$O_2)$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements correctly compares photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis stores energy in glucose, while cellular respiration releases energy from glucose.

Question 8

Which of the following is the primary pigment responsible for light absorption in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a

Question 9

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the sequence of events leading to ATP production?

Accepted Answer

Water is split, electrons move through the electron transport chain, and ATP is produced by chemiosmosis.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using the proton gradient.

Question 11

Which of the following events occurs during prophase of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes and the nuclear envelope breaks down.

Question 12

Which process results in genetic variation during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes during prophase I

Question 13

A cell with 8 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have after division?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 14

Which of the following is a consequence of non-disjunction during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

Daughter cells with abnormal numbers of chromosomes, such as trisomy or monosomy

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between catabolic and anabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic reactions release energy by breaking down molecules, while anabolic reactions consume energy to build molecules.

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct summary equation for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins for cellular use

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered the 'energy currency' of the cell?

Accepted Answer

ATP stores energy in its phosphate bonds, which can be quickly released to power cellular processes.

General Biology Study Guide: Cell Structure, Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and Cell Division

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica