$$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

To break down glucose and produce ATP for cellular work

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 3

During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is broken down into which of the following products?

Accepted Answer

Two molecules of pyruvate

Question 4

Which of the following statements about autotrophs is correct?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs are considered producers because they synthesize organic molecules from inorganic substances

Question 5

Which process in cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Question 6

Why is oxygen required for the electron transport chain (ETC) in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor, allowing the ETC to continue and produce ATP

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why fermentation is less efficient than aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation produces less ATP because it does not use the electron transport chain

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct description of the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which excites electrons to start the light reactions

Question 9

A plant appears green to our eyes. Which of the following best explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

The plant reflects green wavelengths and absorbs red and blue wavelengths

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A fatty acid tail

Question 11

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the semiconservative model of DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Each new DNA molecule consists of one parental strand and one new strand

Question 13

Which of the following base-pairing rules is correct for DNA?

Accepted Answer

A pairs with T, G pairs with C

Question 14

In eukaryotic cells, where does transcription occur?

Accepted Answer

In the nucleus

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of mRNA in the cell?

Accepted Answer

mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH to convert $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ into glucose

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the electron transport chain (ETC) in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The ETC uses the energy from electrons to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why glycolysis can occur in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis does not require oxygen and occurs in the cytoplasm

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of stomata in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Stomata are pores that allow for gas exchange, letting $$\mathrm{CO}_2 in $$and $$\mathrm{O}_2$$ out

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the relationship between wavelength and energy in the electromagnetic spectrum?

Accepted Answer

Shorter wavelengths have more energy

General Biology Study Guide: Cellular Respiration, Photosynthesis, and Nucleic Acids

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