Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between an infection and an infectious disease?

Accepted Answer

An infection is the entry and reproduction of an infectious agent in the body, while an infectious disease is when this process results in identifiable signs and symptoms.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a method for interrupting the chain of infection?

Accepted Answer

Allowing herd immunity to decrease in the population.

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following statements about TB is correct?

Accepted Answer

TB is caused by a bacterium and is transmitted by aerosol.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why influenza vaccines must be updated frequently?

Accepted Answer

The influenza virus is an RNA virus that mutates rapidly, leading to new strains.

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct example of a zoonotic disease and its origin?

Accepted Answer

HIV/AIDS, which likely originated from cross-species transmission from monkeys and apes.

Question 6

A new bacterial strain is found to be resistant to multiple antibiotics. Which of the following practices most likely contributed to this resistance?

Accepted Answer

Widespread use of low-dose antibiotics in animal feed for livestock growth.

Question 7

Which of the following is a key reason why pharmaceutical companies may be reluctant to develop new vaccines?

Accepted Answer

There is a high risk of lawsuits and low profit margins.

Question 8

Which of the following public health measures is most effective in preventing the spread of diseases transmitted by the fecal-oral route?

Accepted Answer

Proper disposal of sewage and purification of water.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about prions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Prions are infectious proteins that can cause diseases such as vCJD.

Question 10

A public health official is investigating an outbreak of a new infectious disease. Which step in the chain of infection should be targeted to prevent further spread if the disease is transmitted by contaminated water?

Accepted Answer

Interrupt the means of transmission by purifying water supplies.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes 'herd immunity'?

Accepted Answer

A form of immunity that occurs when a large portion of a population is immune, reducing the spread of disease.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct match between a pathogen type and a disease it causes?

Accepted Answer

Bacterium – Cholera

Question 13

Which of the following is a reason why eradication of a disease is possible?

Accepted Answer

A vaccine exists and there is no non-human reservoir.

Question 14

A patient stops taking antibiotics as soon as they feel better, rather than completing the prescribed course. What is the most likely consequence of this behavior?

Accepted Answer

It increases the risk of developing antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a public health measure aimed at increasing host resistance?

Accepted Answer

Immunization of the population.

Question 16

Which of the following is a major factor contributing to the emergence of new infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

Human activities that cause ecological damage and increase contact with wildlife.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why directly observed therapy (DOT) is recommended for tuberculosis treatment?

Accepted Answer

DOT ensures that patients take their medication correctly, reducing the risk of antibiotic resistance.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about HIV/AIDS transmission?

Accepted Answer

HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusions, and from mother to infant.

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why some parents refuse to vaccinate their children, potentially leading to loss of herd immunity?

Accepted Answer

Rumors and fears about vaccine side effects, such as autism.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with a disease caused by a protozoan. Which of the following diseases is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Malaria

Infectious Diseases: Definitions, Pathogens, and Classification

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