Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the lungs in the mammalian body?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange, specifically the uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide

Question 2

During a fetal pig dissection, which of the following items should be disposed of in the biohazard container?

Accepted Answer

Actual pig parts

Question 3

The liver performs several vital functions. Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Release of insulin into the bloodstream

Question 4

Which structure is responsible for releasing bile into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion?

Accepted Answer

Gall bladder

Question 5

A student accidentally washes dissection pins down the drain. According to lab protocols, why is this a problem?

Accepted Answer

Pins can damage plumbing and are considered sharps waste

Question 6

Which of the following best explains the role of the spiral colon (large intestine) in the digestive system of mammals?

Accepted Answer

Reabsorption of water and compaction of feces

Question 7

The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions. Which of the following correctly matches a pancreatic hormone with its function?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon: stimulates the liver to break down glycogen and release glucose

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which organ system is primarily affected by this condition?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine system

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of the cardiac sphincter in the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Prevents food from backing up into the esophagus from the stomach

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver, as stimulated by glucagon?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(C_6H_{10}O_5$)_n + n\ H_2O \rightarrow n\ C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$

Question 11

A newborn piglet is found to have only one umbilical artery instead of two. What is the most likely consequence of this anatomical difference?

Accepted Answer

Reduced efficiency in transporting deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why mammals cannot digest cellulose without the help of gut bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Mammals lack the enzyme cellulase required to break down cellulose

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct safety protocol for handling dissection tools in the laboratory?

Accepted Answer

Rinse and dry all utensils before returning them to kits

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the function of the thymus in mammals?

Accepted Answer

Site where some white blood cells mature, contributing to the immune system

Question 15

A student observes that the stomach has two sphincters. What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the passage of food from the stomach to the duodenum

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events for the chemical breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Proteins are denatured by stomach acid and then broken down by pepsin

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the umbilical vein is important in fetal circulation?

Accepted Answer

It brings oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of alpha cells in the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Release glucagon to increase blood glucose levels

Question 19

A patient with liver failure is unable to produce fibrinogen. What is the most likely clinical consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired blood clotting leading to excessive bleeding

Introduction to Internal Anatomy and Digestion: Dissection and Organ Functions

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica