Question 1

During which stage of meiosis do sister chromatids begin to separate?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase II

Question 2

After which phase of meiosis is each individual cell haploid?

Accepted Answer

Telophase I

Question 3

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 4

At which stage of meiosis are new genetic combinations, upon which natural selection can act, first present?

Accepted Answer

After Anaphase I

Question 5

During which stage do haploid chromosomes line up individually along the metaphase plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase II

Question 6

If a somatic cell from an animal contains 8.4 units of DNA, how many units of DNA would you expect in a gamete formed by meiosis?

Accepted Answer

$$8.4 \div 2 = 4.2$$

Question 7

Why is the reduction in DNA content during meiosis significant for genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

It ensures that offspring receive a unique combination of alleles from both parents, increasing genetic diversity.

Question 8

A mutation occurs during Anaphase I of meiosis. Which of the following is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Homologous chromosomes may not separate properly, leading to aneuploid gametes.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why meiosis leads to genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis I create new combinations of alleles.

Question 10

If a cell with 8.4 units of DNA undergoes mitosis instead of meiosis, how many units of DNA would each daughter cell have?

Accepted Answer

$$8.4$$

Question 11

Which of the following events occurs only during meiosis and not mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Pairing and separation of homologous chromosomes

Question 12

A genetic disorder is caused by nondisjunction during meiosis II. Which stage failed to occur properly?

Accepted Answer

Separation of sister chromatids

Question 13

Which phase of meiosis is most directly responsible for reducing the chromosome number by half?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase I

Question 14

If a mutation prevents crossing over during Prophase I, what is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Reduced genetic variation in gametes

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the alignment of chromosomes during Metaphase II?

Accepted Answer

Individual chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate

Meiosis, Chromosome Behavior, and Genetic Variation Study Guide

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