Q: Which equation correctly represents the movement of water during osmosis?

$$\text{Water moves from regions of low solute concentration to regions of high solute concentration}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between passive and active transport across a cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient without energy input, while active transport moves substances against their gradient and requires energy, usually from ATP hydrolysis.

Question 2

A red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The cell will gain water and burst (lyse).

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the movement of water during osmosis?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Water moves from regions of low solute concentration to regions of high solute concentration}$$

Question 4

Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion in that:

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins to move molecules down their concentration gradient without energy input.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of bulk transport across the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Question 6

A plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

It will undergo plasmolysis as water leaves the cell.

Question 7

Which process is responsible for the uptake of cholesterol into cells?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the plasma membrane is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is selectively permeable, allowing some molecules to cross while restricting others.

Question 9

Which of the following transport mechanisms requires energy input from ATP?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 10

A cell uses exocytosis to:

Accepted Answer

Release large molecules or waste products to the extracellular environment.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the movement of molecules during simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Molecules move down their concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a type of vesicular (bulk) transport?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 13

A patient with hypercholesterolemia is likely to have a defect in which cellular process?

Accepted Answer

Receptor-mediated endocytosis of LDL

Question 14

Which formula best describes the rate of diffusion of a molecule across a membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is true about facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

It involves transport proteins and moves molecules down their concentration gradient.

Question 16

Which scenario best illustrates the concept of tonicity?

Accepted Answer

A cell placed in an isotonic solution remains unchanged because the solute concentration is equal inside and outside the cell.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a function of transport proteins in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Allowing bulk transport of large molecules via vesicles

Question 18

Which process is most likely to be used by a white blood cell to engulf a bacterium?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 19

Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the passive diffusion of water down its concentration gradient.

Question 20

A cell is placed in a solution where the solute concentration outside the cell is higher than inside. What type of solution is this, and what will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Hypertonic; the cell will lose water and shrink.

Membrane Structure and Function: Passive and Active Transport

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