Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why ATP hydrolysis is considered an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

It releases free energy that can be used to drive endergonic cellular processes.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a genetic disorder that causes their mitochondria to have a leaky inner membrane, allowing protons (H⁺) to diffuse freely across it. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

ATP synthesis by chemiosmosis during oxidative phosphorylation

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of oxygen in aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, forming water.

Question 4

A scientist measures the change in free energy ($$\Delta G) $$for a particular reaction and finds $$\Delta G = +12 kJ/$$mol. Which of the following statements is true about this reaction?

Accepted Answer

The reaction is endergonic and requires an input of energy to proceed.

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios is an example of feedback inhibition in a metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

The final product of a pathway binds to an enzyme early in the pathway, decreasing its activity.

Question 6

During glycolysis, which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a net gain of 2 ATP and 2 NADH.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why fermentation is necessary in the absence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation regenerates NAD⁺, allowing glycolysis to continue producing ATP.

Question 8

A cell is exposed to a noncompetitive inhibitor that binds to an enzyme involved in glycolysis. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme's active site will change shape, reducing its ability to catalyze the reaction.

Question 9

Which of the following correctly compares substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation transfers a phosphate group directly from a substrate to ADP, while oxidative phosphorylation uses a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis.

Question 10

In the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the primary function of the electron transport chain between photosystem II and photosystem I?

Accepted Answer

To create a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane, driving ATP synthesis

Question 11

A plant is exposed to light that is only in the green wavelength range (around 550 nm). What is the most likely effect on the rate of photosynthesis, and why?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis will decrease because chlorophyll reflects green light rather than absorbing it.

Question 12

Which of the following equations correctly represents the change in free energy for a reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO₂ into G3P, a three-carbon sugar.

Question 14

A mutation causes the enzyme rubisco to lose its function in a plant cell. Which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Carbon fixation during the Calvin cycle

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the difference between catabolic and anabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Catabolic pathways break down molecules and release energy, while anabolic pathways build molecules and require energy.

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-life example of positive cooperativity in a protein?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen binding to hemoglobin, making it easier for additional oxygen molecules to bind

Question 17

If a cell's phosphofructokinase (PFK) enzyme is inhibited by high levels of ATP, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The rate of glycolysis will decrease, slowing ATP production.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis stores energy in organic molecules, while cellular respiration releases that energy for cellular work.

Question 19

A yeast cell is growing in an environment without oxygen. Which of the following products would you expect to find as a result of its metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Ethanol and CO₂

Metabolism, Cellular Respiration, and Photosynthesis: Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard