Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why the electron transport chain (ETC) is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane rather than the outer membrane?

Accepted Answer

The inner membrane is highly folded into cristae, increasing surface area for more ETC complexes.

Question 2

During cellular respiration, what is the correct sequence of energy flow from glucose to ATP?

Accepted Answer

glucose $$\rightarrow$$ NADH $$\rightarrow$$ electron transport chain $$\rightarrow$$ proton-motive force $$\rightarrow$$ ATP

Question 3

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the mitochondrial electron transport chain during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 4

If a poison blocks the function of cytochromes in the electron transport chain, which immediate effect would you expect in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

The proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane would dissipate.

Question 5

Which process directly uses the energy stored in the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to synthesize ATP?

Accepted Answer

Chemiosmosis

Question 6

How many net ATP molecules are produced by substrate-level phosphorylation from one molecule of glucose during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of NADH and FADH$$_2 in $$cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

They donate electrons to the electron transport chain, powering ATP synthesis.

Question 8

What would happen to ATP production if the inner mitochondrial membrane became permeable to protons (H$$^+$$)?

Accepted Answer

ATP production would decrease because the proton gradient would be lost.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an immediate net product of the mitochondrial electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 10

A patient is exposed to cyanide, which inhibits cytochrome c oxidase in the electron transport chain. What is the most direct consequence?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen cannot accept electrons, halting ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the electron transport chain breaks the free-energy drop from glucose to oxygen into smaller steps?

Accepted Answer

To allow energy to be gradually released and harnessed for ATP synthesis.

Question 12

In the context of chemiosmosis, what is the immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase?

Accepted Answer

H$$^+$$ concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 13

Which of the following would still allow a cell to produce some ATP from glucose if the inner mitochondrial membrane was removed?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of ATP synthase?

Accepted Answer

It uses the flow of H$$^+$$ ions down their gradient to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the proton-motive force?

Accepted Answer

The combined chemical and electrical gradient of H$$^+$$ across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Question 16

If a mutation caused ATP synthase to lose its rotor function, what would be the most direct effect?

Accepted Answer

ATP would not be synthesized from ADP and Pi.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the location of the electron transport chain in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

It is located in the plasma membrane.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the role of cytochromes in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

They are proteins with heme groups that transfer electrons between complexes.

Question 19

Which of the following statements about substrate-level phosphorylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It occurs during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Question 20

A scientist measures the pH in the mitochondrial matrix and finds it is higher than in the intermembrane space. What does this indicate about the proton concentration?

Accepted Answer

The proton concentration is lower in the matrix than in the intermembrane space.

Cellular Respiration and Fermantion Pt. 2

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard