Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction of photosynthesis?

$$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \text{light energy} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs produce their own organic food molecules from inorganic sources, while heterotrophs must consume organic molecules produced by other organisms.

Question 2

Which of the following equations correctly represents the overall reaction of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

$$6 \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6 \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + 	ext{light energy} ightarrow \mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6 \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 3

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor?

Accepted Answer

NADP$$^+$$

Question 4

Which pigment is primarily responsible for absorbing light energy in plants, and what colors of light does it absorb most efficiently?

Accepted Answer

Chlorophyll a; absorbs red, blue, and violet light

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the Calvin cycle is correct?

Accepted Answer

It fixes carbon dioxide into organic molecules using ATP and NADPH.

Question 6

A plant is placed in a sealed chamber with only water and light provided. After several hours, the oxygen concentration in the chamber increases. Which process is primarily responsible for this change?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why photosynthesis is considered an anabolic and endergonic process?

Accepted Answer

It requires light energy to build larger glucose molecules from smaller carbon dioxide molecules.

Question 8

What is the main function of stomata in plant leaves?

Accepted Answer

To allow gas exchange, specifically the uptake of $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ and release of $$\mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of light by photosystem II $$\rightarrow$$ electron transport chain $$\rightarrow$$ production of ATP and NADPH

Question 10

In C$$_4$$ photosynthesis, what is the main advantage of separating carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle into different cell types?

Accepted Answer

It reduces photorespiration by concentrating $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ around Rubisco.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP synthase in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

It synthesizes ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane.

Question 12

A mutation causes a plant to lack NADP$$^+$$ reductase. Which of the following would be the most immediate effect on photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

The plant would be unable to produce NADPH, limiting the Calvin cycle.

Question 13

Which of the following is a product of the Calvin cycle that can be used to synthesize glucose, fatty acids, or amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why CAM plants open their stomata at night?

Accepted Answer

To reduce water loss by taking in $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ when temperatures are lower.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about photorespiration is correct?

Accepted Answer

Photorespiration occurs when Rubisco fixes oxygen instead of carbon dioxide, leading to a loss of organic molecules.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of carotenoids in plant leaves?

Accepted Answer

They are accessory pigments that absorb blue and violet light, protecting chlorophyll from damage.

Question 17

If a plant's thylakoid membranes were damaged, which process would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration.

Question 19

A scientist exposes a plant to only green light. What is the most likely effect on the rate of photosynthesis, and why?

Accepted Answer

The rate will decrease because chlorophyll reflects green light and absorbs little of it.

Photosynthesis and Classification of Organisms by Food Acquisition

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