Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes protists?

Accepted Answer

Protists are eukaryotic organisms that can be unicellular or multicellular.

Question 2

Which process is responsible for the origin of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Endosymbiosis of an aerobic prokaryote

Question 3

Red algae and green algae are considered the closest relatives of land plants. What evidence supports this relationship?

Accepted Answer

They share a common ancestor that acquired a photosynthetic cyanobacterium via endosymbiosis.

Question 4

Which of the following is a major nutritional mode found among protists?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophy, heterotrophy, and mixotrophy

Question 5

A scientist discovers a unicellular organism with a well-developed cytoskeleton and mitochondria. Which domain does this organism most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Eukarya

Question 6

Which group of protists is defined primarily by DNA similarities and includes diatoms and brown algae?

Accepted Answer

SAR

Question 7

Diplomonads and parabasalids are unique among protists because they:

Accepted Answer

Have modified mitochondria and lack plastids

Question 8

Which of the following best explains the evolutionary significance of endosymbiosis in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

It led to the origin of mitochondria and plastids, increasing metabolic diversity.

Question 9

A protist is observed to have a single flagellum emerging from a pocket at one end of the cell and can switch between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition. This organism is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Euglenid

Question 10

Which equation best represents the process of photosynthesis in protists such as green algae?

Accepted Answer

$$6CO_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2$$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about the root of the eukaryotic tree is supported by current evidence?

Accepted Answer

The root of the eukaryotic tree is not known and its relationship to supergroups is unresolved.

Question 12

Which of the following protist groups includes organisms with glass-like silica shells and is important in marine ecosystems?

Accepted Answer

Diatoms

Question 13

Trypanosomes, which evade host immune responses by frequently changing their surface proteins, belong to which group?

Accepted Answer

Kinetoplastids

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Lack of membrane-bound organelles

Question 15

Which supergroup includes protists most closely related to fungi and animals?

Accepted Answer

Unikonta

Question 16

A student observes a protist that moves using pseudopodia and has a shell made of calcium carbonate. This organism is most likely a:

Accepted Answer

Foram

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of endosymbiosis that led to the evolution of plastids?

Accepted Answer

Engulfment of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium by a heterotrophic eukaryote

Question 18

Which of the following protists is multicellular and belongs to the Archaeplastida supergroup?

Accepted Answer

Volvox

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about protist reproduction?

Accepted Answer

Protists can reproduce both asexually and sexually, including by mitosis and syngamy.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why protists are considered the most nutritionally diverse of all eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

They include photoautotrophs, heterotrophs, and mixotrophs.

Protists and Eukaryotic Diversity: Structure, Evolution, and Classification

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