Question 1

Which of the following best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the energy cycle of life?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis captures sunlight to produce glucose, and cellular respiration breaks down glucose to release energy as ATP.

Question 2

What is the net chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + ATP$$

Question 3

During glycolysis, what are the net products generated from one molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Question 4

Where in a eukaryotic cell does the Krebs cycle occur?

Accepted Answer

In the mitochondrial matrix

Question 5

Which process directly produces the most ATP during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and chemiosmotic phosphorylation

Question 6

If 8 glucose molecules enter glycolysis, what are the net products in terms of pyruvate and ATP?

Accepted Answer

8 pyruvate, 8 ATP

Question 7

What is the main advantage of fermentation over aerobic cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation generates ATP even if oxygen is not present.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about the flow of electrons in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are transferred from NADH and FADH$$_2 to $$oxygen, producing water.

Question 9

Which respiratory reactions occur in the mitochondrial matrix?

Accepted Answer

Krebs cycle and breakdown of pyruvate

Question 10

How many ATP molecules are theoretically produced from one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

36

Question 11

Which of the following statements best explains why plants carry out cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Yes, they require ATP like other living things, and respiration generates ATP.

Question 12

What happens to the carbon atoms in glucose during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

They are released as CO$$_2.$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct description of substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

An enzyme transfers a phosphate group from a substrate molecule directly to ADP.

Question 14

Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

O$$_2$$

Question 15

What is the role of ATP synthase in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

It produces ATP using the energy from a proton gradient.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about fermentation is correct?

Accepted Answer

Fermentation uses pyruvate to regenerate NAD$$^+$$, producing alcohol or lactic acid.

Question 17

Which of the following food molecules can enter the energy-extracting pathways of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Proteins, fats, and polysaccharides

Question 18

Which of the following best describes chemiosmotic phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

ATP is produced by the movement of protons through ATP synthase, driven by an electrochemical gradient.

Question 19

Which of the following is a product of lactic acid fermentation?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acid

The Energy of Life: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

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