Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the dehydration reaction that forms a polymer from monomers?

$$\text{Monomer}_1 + \text{Monomer}_2 \rightarrow \text{Polymer} + H_2O$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids can have such diverse functions in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Their monomers can be connected in various combinations, similar to how letters form words.

Question 2

During the synthesis of a polymer, which type of reaction occurs to join two monomers together?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration (condensation) reaction

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dehydration reaction that forms a polymer from monomers?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Monomer}_1 + 	ext{Monomer}_2 ightarrow 	ext{Polymer} + H_2O$$

Question 4

Which process is primarily responsible for breaking down polymers into monomers during digestion?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Question 5

A scientist is studying a polymer that is broken down by adding water to its covalent bonds. Which type of reaction is she observing?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis reaction

Question 6

Why do hydrolysis reactions dominate the digestive process in animals?

Accepted Answer

Because they add water to break covalent bonds between monomers, allowing nutrients to be absorbed.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the relationship between monomers and polymers?

Accepted Answer

Polymers are made by linking many similar or identical monomers via covalent bonds.

Question 8

If a cell needs to synthesize a macromolecule, which of the following must occur?

Accepted Answer

Monomers are joined by dehydration reactions, requiring energy and enzymes.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a major class of macromolecules found in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Question 10

A student claims that all macromolecules are polymers. Which of the following statements best evaluates this claim?

Accepted Answer

The claim is incorrect; lipids are macromolecules but are not true polymers.

Question 11

Which analogy best describes how the diversity of biological polymers arises from a limited set of monomers?

Accepted Answer

Like using the 26 letters of the alphabet to create a diversity of words.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about enzymes in polymer synthesis and breakdown is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes aid both the formation (dehydration) and breakdown (hydrolysis) of polymers.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a dehydration reaction in the context of macromolecule synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that removes a water molecule to form a new covalent bond between monomers.

Question 14

Which of the following is a direct result of hydrolysis in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Breaking of a covalent bond in a polymer by the addition of water.

Question 15

A researcher observes that the diversity of biological molecules in a sample is much greater than the diversity of monomers present. What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

Monomers can be combined in many different sequences and arrangements to form a vast array of polymers.

The Structure and Function of Macromolecules

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