Question 1

Which property of water is primarily responsible for the ability of plants to transport water from their roots to their leaves against gravity?

Accepted Answer

Cohesion between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding

Question 2

A scientist dissolves table salt (NaCl) in water. What best explains why NaCl dissolves so readily in water?

Accepted Answer

Water's polarity allows it to surround and separate Na+ and Cl– ions, forming hydration shells

Question 3

Which of the following best describes why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice keep water molecules farther apart, making ice less dense

Question 4

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M. What is the pH of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 5$$

Question 5

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of evaporative cooling?

Accepted Answer

A dog pants to cool itself as water evaporates from its tongue

Question 6

If the concentration of $$[OH^-] in a $$solution is $$1 	imes 10$$^{-10}$$ M at 25°C, what is the concentration of $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why coastal areas tend to have milder climates than inland areas?

Accepted Answer

Water's high specific heat allows it to absorb and release large amounts of heat with little temperature change

Question 8

A buffer solution is added to a beaker of pure water. Which of the following best describes the buffer's function?

Accepted Answer

It minimizes changes in $$[H^+]$$ and $$[OH^-]$$ concentrations when acids or bases are added

Question 9

Which of the following is a direct consequence of ocean acidification caused by increased atmospheric $$CO_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Decreased calcification rates in reef-building corals due to reduced carbonate ion concentration

Question 10

A researcher wants to prepare 1 liter of a 0.5 M glucose solution. The molecular mass of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$) is 180 g/mol. How many grams of glucose should she dissolve?

Accepted Answer

90 g

Question 11

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

An acid increases the $$[H^+]$$ concentration of a solution

Question 12

Which of the following best describes why oil does not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Oil molecules are hydrophobic due to their nonpolar bonds

Question 13

A solution has a pH of 3. What is the $$[H^+]$$ concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-3}$$ M

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an emergent property of water that contributes to Earth's suitability for life?

Accepted Answer

High compressibility

Question 15

A student adds a strong acid to a buffered solution. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The buffer will minimize the change in pH

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why water has a high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules absorb heat when breaking and release heat when forming

Question 17

If a solution has a pH of 8, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The solution is basic

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy in water?

Accepted Answer

Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the molecules

Question 19

Which of the following would most likely occur if ice were denser than liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Bodies of water would freeze from the bottom up, threatening aquatic life

Question 20

A solution contains 0.1 mol of NaCl dissolved in 1 L of water. What is the molarity of NaCl in the solution?

Accepted Answer

0.1 M

Water and Life: Chapter 3

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard