Question 1

Which of the following best describes the direction of water movement in plants according to water potential ($$\Psi$$)?

Accepted Answer

Water moves from areas of higher water potential to areas of lower water potential.

Question 2

A plant root is placed in soil with a water potential of $$-0.7$$ MPa, while the root's water potential is $$-0.3$$ MPa. In which direction will water move?

Accepted Answer

Water will move from the soil into the root.

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the total water potential ($$\Psi) in $$plant cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\Psi = \Psi_s + \Psi_p$$

Question 4

What is the primary function of the Casparian strip in plant roots?

Accepted Answer

It blocks the apoplastic route, forcing water and solutes to cross the plasma membrane of endodermal cells.

Question 5

Which route allows water to move through the cytosol of plant cells, linked by plasmodesmata?

Accepted Answer

Symplastic route

Question 6

If a plant cell is placed in a solution with a lower solute concentration than its cytoplasm, what will happen to the cell's turgor pressure?

Accepted Answer

Turgor pressure will increase as water enters the cell.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why dry soil has a lower water potential than plant roots?

Accepted Answer

Dry soil has less water and fewer dissolved solutes, resulting in lower water potential.

Question 8

What is the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on stomata during drought conditions?

Accepted Answer

ABA causes stomata to close, reducing transpiration and water loss.

Question 9

Which process is responsible for the evaporation of water from plant leaves, pulling water upward from roots?

Accepted Answer

Transpiration

Question 10

A wilted plant is most likely experiencing which of the following at the cellular level?

Accepted Answer

Loss of rigidity due to a drop in turgor pressure in non-lignified cells

Question 11

Which of the following statements about pressure potential ($$\Psi_p) is $$correct?

Accepted Answer

Pressure potential can be positive (turgor) or negative (tension) depending on the conditions.

Question 12

Which route does water take when it moves through aquaporins and directly through the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Transmembrane route

Question 13

What is the main reason water moves from the soil into root hairs?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis due to differences in water potential

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the apoplastic route of water movement in roots?

Accepted Answer

Water moves outside the plasma membrane, in spaces between cells and through cell walls.

Question 15

If the solute potential ($$\Psi_s) $$inside a cell is $$-0.5$$ MPa and the pressure potential ($$\Psi_p) is$$ $$0.3$$ MPa, what is the total water potential ($$\Psi) of $$the cell?

Accepted Answer

$$\Psi = -0.2$$ MPa

Question 16

Which adaptation might a plant develop to survive in soil with very low water potential?

Accepted Answer

Increase the solute concentration in root cells to lower their water potential.

Question 17

During stomatal opening, which ion is actively transported to the outside of the guard cell to trigger water influx?

Accepted Answer

K$$^+$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a correct description of bulk flow in plants?

Accepted Answer

Bulk flow is driven by active transport of water molecules.

Question 19

A plant cell that has lost water and shrunk away from its cell wall is experiencing which process?

Accepted Answer

Plasmolysis

Water and Solute Movement in Plants: Study Notes for General Biology

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard