Question 1

Which of the following best describes a frequency distribution?

Accepted Answer

A summary of a set of data that displays the number of observations in each of the distribution’s distinct categories or classes.

Question 2

Given the following frequency distribution for the number of ride-sharing trips taken by 16 employees in a month: 0 trips (5), 1 trip (4), 2 trips (5), 3 trips (1), 4 trips (1). What is the relative frequency for 2 trips?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{5}{16} = 0.3125$$

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for constructing grouped data frequency distributions?

Accepted Answer

Classes must contain at least 10 data values each.

Question 4

A histogram is used to:

Accepted Answer

Display the frequency distribution of a quantitative variable.

Question 5

If a histogram has the same center but different spreads, what does this indicate about the data?

Accepted Answer

The data sets have the same mean but different variations.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a relative frequency histogram?

Accepted Answer

A histogram where the vertical axis shows the proportion of observations in each class.

Question 7

A pie chart is most appropriate for displaying:

Accepted Answer

The proportion of observations in each category of a qualitative variable.

Question 8

Which of the following is a key advantage of a stem and leaf diagram over a histogram?

Accepted Answer

It preserves the individual data values.

Question 9

A line chart is most useful for:

Accepted Answer

Displaying how a variable changes over time.

Question 10

In a scatter diagram, which variable is typically plotted on the x-axis?

Accepted Answer

The independent (explanatory) variable.

Question 11

A Pareto chart is a special type of bar chart that:

Accepted Answer

Displays bars in descending order of frequency to highlight the most significant factors.

Question 12

Suppose you are analyzing the time (in seconds) it takes to link emergency communication systems in 72 cities. You decide to use 7 classes for your grouped frequency distribution. If the minimum value is 35 and the maximum is 1,492, what is the minimum class width you should use?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1,492 - 35}{7} = 208.14$$, so round up to 225.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about joint frequency distributions is correct?

Accepted Answer

They summarize the frequency of observations for combinations of two variables.

Question 14

If a bar chart is used to display the S&P 500 PE ratios for the years 2012 through 2021, what is the category variable?

Accepted Answer

Year

Question 15

Which of the following Excel functions is used to calculate the frequency distribution for a variable?

Accepted Answer

FREQUENCY

Question 16

A cumulative relative frequency graph is called:

Accepted Answer

An ogive

Question 17

Which of the following best describes continuous data?

Accepted Answer

Data whose possible values are uncountable and may assume any value in an interval.

Question 18

If you want to compare the distribution of credit card balances for male and female cardholders, which graphical technique would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Construct joint frequency distributions and compare histograms for each gender.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct interpretation of a bar chart showing the S&P 500 PE ratios from 2012 to 2021, where the bars increase each year except for a drop in 2019?

Accepted Answer

The PE ratios have generally increased over the period, with one year of decline.

Graphs, Charts, and Tables: Describing Your Data (Business Statistics Study Notes)

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