Question 1

Which type of reaction is responsible for the synthesis of biological polymers such as proteins and polysaccharides in cells?

Accepted Answer

Condensation (dehydration) reaction

Question 2

A protein's tertiary structure is primarily stabilized by which of the following interactions?

Accepted Answer

Interactions between R groups, including hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, and disulfide bonds

Question 3

Which amino acid is unique because it does not have an asymmetric α carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

Glycine

Question 4

What is the directionality of a polypeptide chain, and how is its sequence conventionally written?

Accepted Answer

From N-terminus to C-terminus

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the quaternary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The assembly and interaction of multiple folded polypeptide subunits

Question 6

Which of the following is a major difference between α-D-glucose and β-D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

The orientation of the hydroxyl group on carbon 1 in the ring form

Question 7

Cellulose is a structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls. Which type of glycosidic bond links its monomers?

Accepted Answer

β(1→4) glycosidic bond

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins in cells?

Accepted Answer

Storage of genetic information

Question 9

A mutation causes a proline residue to be inserted into an α helix. What is the most likely effect?

Accepted Answer

The α helix will be disrupted due to proline's inability to form hydrogen bonds

Question 10

Which of the following statements about nucleic acids is correct?

Accepted Answer

RNA is usually single-stranded and contains uracil instead of thymine

Question 11

Which equation represents the general formula for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_n\mathrm{H}_{2n}\mathrm{O}_n$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of fibrous proteins?

Accepted Answer

They provide mechanical support and tensile strength

Question 13

Which of the following bonds is formed during the polymerization of amino acids into a polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

Peptide bond

Question 14

Which of the following is a major function of cholesterol in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Component of plasma membranes and organelle membranes

Question 15

Which equation correctly represents the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Amino\ acid}_1 + \mathrm{Amino\ acid}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{Dipeptide} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is true about the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA is a double-stranded helix with antiparallel strands

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of glycolipids in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Facilitation of cellular recognition and membrane stability

Question 18

Which of the following statements about protein domains is correct?

Accepted Answer

Domains are discrete, locally folded units of tertiary structure with specific functions

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the synthesis of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids are synthesized in the 5ʹ to 3ʹ direction

Study Guide: The Macromolecules of the Cell (Cell Biology, Ch. 3)

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