Question 1

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

An atom with a different number of neutrons than other atoms of the same element

Question 2

A PET scan uses radioactive isotopes to visualize metabolic activity in tissues. Which property of isotopes makes this possible?

Accepted Answer

Unstable isotopes release particles and/or energy as they decay

Question 3

Which of the following equations represents a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{R{-}OH + H{-}R' \rightarrow R{-}R' + H_2O}$$

Question 4

Which statement correctly describes the difference between catabolism and anabolism?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism involves decomposition reactions, while anabolism involves synthesis reactions

Question 5

A sodium atom ($$\mathrm{Na}) $$loses one electron to become a sodium ion ($$\mathrm{Na^+}). $$What type of bond does it form with a chloride ion ($$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bond

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why water molecules are polar?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen attracts electrons more strongly than hydrogen, creating partial charges

Question 7

Which of the following is true about elements?

Accepted Answer

Elements are defined by their atomic number, which is the number of protons

Question 8

Which of the following reactions is an example of a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{AB \rightarrow A + B}$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a hydrogen bond?

Accepted Answer

A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom like oxygen or nitrogen

Question 10

If a molecule has the formula $$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$}$$ and is broken down into smaller molecules during digestion, which type of reaction is occurring?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

Valence electrons are responsible for forming chemical bonds

Question 12

During the process of souring milk, which type of chemical reaction is primarily responsible for the breakdown of lactose?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 13

Which equation best represents an exchange reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB}$$

Question 14

Which of the following statements about ions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Ions are atoms that have gained or lost electrons

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of anabolism in cells?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of proteins from amino acids

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why atoms form chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

To achieve a full outer electron shell

Question 17

A molecule of water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}) $$can form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. What property of water allows this?

Accepted Answer

Water has partial positive and negative charges due to uneven electron sharing

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the atomic number of an element?

Accepted Answer

It is equal to the number of protons in the atom

Question 19

Which of the following best describes metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Metabolism includes both catabolism and anabolism

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-world example of a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Formation of starch from simple sugars in plants

The Chemistry of Cell Biology: Principles and Foundations

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