Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the Law of Multiple Proportions?

Accepted Answer

If two elements form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other are in the ratio of small whole numbers.

Question 2

Which experiment led to the discovery of the nucleus in the atom?

Accepted Answer

Rutherford’s gold foil experiment

Question 3

A neutral atom of phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and a mass number of 31. How many neutrons does it contain?

Accepted Answer

$$16$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a correct empirical formula for a compound with a molecular formula of $$C_6H_{12}O_6$?

Accepted Answer

$$CH_2O$$

Question 5

Which of the following elements is a metalloid?

Accepted Answer

Silicon

Question 6

Which of the following ions is a polyatomic cation?

Accepted Answer

Ammonium, $$NH_4$$^+$$

Question 7

What is the correct name for $$FeCl_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) chloride

Question 8

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct formula for aluminum sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$$Al_2$$($$SO_4)_3$

Question 10

A sample of chlorine gas contains two isotopes: $$^{35}Cl (75.8$$%) and $$^{37}Cl (24.2$$%). What is the approximate atomic weight of chlorine?

Accepted Answer

$$35.5$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between a molecular formula and an empirical formula?

Accepted Answer

A molecular formula shows the exact number of atoms of each element, while an empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio.

Question 12

Which of the following acids is correctly named?

Accepted Answer

$$HNO_3$ is nitric acid

Question 13

Which of the following compounds is an example of a binary molecular compound?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide, $$CO_2$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct name for $$N_2O_5$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the periodic table is correct?

Accepted Answer

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for magnesium nitride?

Accepted Answer

$$Mg_3N_2$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a diatomic molecule found naturally in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen, $$O_2$$

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for $$K_2SO_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Potassium sulfate

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for perchloric acid?

Accepted Answer

$$HClO_4$$

Question 20

Which of the following is an isomer of 1-propanol?

Accepted Answer

2-propanol

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions: Foundations of Atomic Theory and Chemical Nomenclature

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