Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonding?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal, while covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals.

Question 2

According to the octet rule, atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons until they are surrounded by how many valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 3

Which of the following compounds is most likely to have the highest lattice energy?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{MgO}$$

Question 4

What is the correct electron configuration for the $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$

Question 5

Which of the following molecules contains a triple bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{N_2$}$$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{HF} is a $$polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Fluorine is much more electronegative than hydrogen, so the shared electrons are pulled closer to fluorine, creating a dipole.

Question 7

Which of the following elements can form an expanded octet in a stable compound?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Question 8

Given the following Lewis structure for ammonia ($$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$), how many lone pairs and bonding pairs are present on the nitrogen atom?

Accepted Answer

1 lone pair, 3 bonding pairs

Question 9

Which of the following molecules is best described as having resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{O_3$}$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about bond enthalpy and bond length is correct?

Accepted Answer

Triple bonds are stronger and shorter than single bonds.

Question 11

A molecule of $$\mathrm{BF_3$} is $$known to be electron-deficient. Which exception to the octet rule does it represent?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete octet

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the trend in electronegativity on the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period and from bottom to top in a group.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the dipole moment ($$\mu) of a $$molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$\mu = Q 	imes r$$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{NaCl}$$ has a high melting point?

Accepted Answer

It is an ionic compound with strong electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct step in drawing a Lewis structure for a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

Add one electron for each negative charge.

Question 16

Which of the following is the dominant Lewis structure for a molecule?

Accepted Answer

The one in which atoms have formal charges closest to zero and negative formal charge on the most electronegative atom.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the Born–Haber cycle?

Accepted Answer

A process used to calculate the lattice energy of an ionic compound.

Question 18

Which of the following is a property of ionic substances?

Accepted Answer

Brittle and crystalline structure

Question 19

Which of the following molecules is most likely to have a nonpolar covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2$}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes delocalized electrons in resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

Electrons that are shared by multiple atoms in a molecule.

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding: Study Guide

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

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