Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three main types of chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct Lewis symbol for sulfur (S)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{S}$$ with six dots around it

Question 3

What is the primary rule of thumb used for drawing Lewis structures?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to achieve noble gas electron configurations, usually an octet of electrons

Question 4

Which of the following best describes lattice energy?

Accepted Answer

The energy required to separate one mole of an ionic solid into its gaseous ions

Question 5

Which electron configuration represents chlorine (Cl)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^6$$\ $$3s^2$$\ $$3p^5$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself

Question 7

A molecule of carbon dioxide ($$\mathrm{CO_2$}) is $$nonpolar even though it contains polar bonds. Why?

Accepted Answer

The molecule is linear, so the bond dipoles cancel each other out

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a lone pair?

Accepted Answer

A pair of valence electrons not involved in bonding

Question 9

How many bonds and lone pairs are present in the Lewis structure of water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}$$)?

Accepted Answer

2 bonds and 2 lone pairs

Question 10

Which of the following molecules contains a triple bond?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{N_2$}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes resonance in molecules?

Accepted Answer

The actual structure is a hybrid of two or more valid Lewis structures

Question 12

Which of the following is an exception to the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{BF_3$} ($$boron trifluoride)

Question 13

What is the formal charge on the oxygen atom in the following Lewis structure of ozone ($$\mathrm{O_3$}$$), where the central oxygen has one single bond, one double bond, and one lone pair?

Accepted Answer

0

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a dipole moment?

Accepted Answer

A measure of the separation of positive and negative charge in a molecule

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true regarding the difference between a polar molecule, a nonpolar molecule, and an ionic compound?

Accepted Answer

A polar molecule has an uneven distribution of charge, a nonpolar molecule has an even distribution, and an ionic compound consists of positive and negative ions held together by electrostatic forces

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct order of increasing electronegativity for the elements: sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), and oxygen (O)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na \u003c O \u003c Cl}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds tend to have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

Strong electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions require a large amount of energy to break

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for the ammonium ion ($$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen in the center with four single bonds to hydrogen atoms and a positive charge

Question 19

Which of the following best describes how to draw a Lewis structure for a covalent molecule?

Accepted Answer

Count total valence electrons, arrange atoms, connect with single bonds, complete octets, and adjust for multiple bonds if needed

Question 20

Which of the following molecules would you expect to have the largest dipole moment?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HF}$$

Chapter 8: Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding – Guided Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard