Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for percent error?

$$ \frac{\text{Accepted} - \text{Measured}}{\text{Accepted}} \times 100 $$

Q: Which of the following is a correct example of a number written in scientific notation with the correct number of significant digits?

$$ 0.0000574 = 5.74 \times 10$$^{-5}$$ $$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between an observation and an inference in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

An observation is information gathered by the senses, while an inference is an assumption based on observations and prior knowledge.

Question 2

A scientist measures the mass of a sample five times and obtains values that are very close to each other, but all are significantly higher than the accepted value. Which of the following best describes the measurements?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct formula for percent error?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{	ext{Accepted} - 	ext{Measured}}{	ext{Accepted}} 	imes 100 $$

Question 4

A student records the following measurements: 3.5670, 10.304, and 233.1. What is the sum, rounded to the correct number of significant digits?

Accepted Answer

$$ 247.0 $$

Question 5

Which of the following zeros is NOT considered significant according to the rules of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

Leading zeros in a decimal number

Question 6

A researcher wants to test the effect of temperature on the number of hours mice sleep. Which is the independent variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

The temperature of the room

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a control group in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

The group used as a reference to compare to the experimental group

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct formula for standard deviation of a set of $$ N $$ measurements $$ x_i $$ with mean $$ \overline{x} $$?

Accepted Answer

$$ \sigma = \sqrt{\frac{1}{N} \sum_{i=1}^{N} (x_i - \overline{x})^2$} $$

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct example of a number written in scientific notation with the correct number of significant digits?

Accepted Answer

$$ 0.0000574 = 5.74 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ $$

Question 10

A woman has been alive for 26.5 years. How many hours is this? (Use 365 days/year and 24 hours/day.)

Accepted Answer

$$ 232,000 $$ hours

Question 11

Which metric prefix corresponds to $$ 10$$^{-6}$$ $$?

Accepted Answer

micro-

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a systematic error?

Accepted Answer

A balance that is not properly calibrated, causing all mass measurements to be off by 0.5 g

Question 13

When multiplying $$ 23.09  (4 $$sig figs) by $$ 4.8  (2 $$sig figs), what is the correct answer with the proper number of significant figures?

Accepted Answer

$$ 110 $$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of a hypothesis in the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a prediction or explanation of a phenomenon that must be testable.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the 'textbook' scientific method?

Accepted Answer

Observation, Research, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion, Report

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct value for the number of significant digits in the number $$ 0.0300 $$?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 17

A measurement is recorded as $$ 1.37 \pm 0.05  cm. $$What does the $$ 0.05 $$ represent?

Accepted Answer

The uncertainty of the measurement

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a base SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Liter

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between random error and systematic error?

Accepted Answer

Random error is unavoidable and affects precision, while systematic error is caused by faulty equipment and affects accuracy.

Question 20

If you are converting 128.5 feet to inches using the conversion factor $$ 1 	ext{ foot} = 12 	ext{ inches} $$, what is the correct answer?

Accepted Answer

$$ 1,542 $$ inches

Foundations of Scientific Measurement and the Scientific Method in Chemistry

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard