Question 1

Which of the following statements best distinguishes a compound from a mixture?

Accepted Answer

A compound has a fixed composition with elements combined in definite proportions, while a mixture has variable composition.

Question 2

A student measures the mass of a metal cylinder three times and records the values: 12.34 g, 12.35 g, and 12.33 g. The true mass is 12.80 g. Which statement best describes the accuracy and precision of these measurements?

Accepted Answer

The measurements are precise but not accurate.

Question 3

Which of the following is a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Rusting of an iron nail.

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between a hypothesis and a scientific theory?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that can be tested, while a theory is a well-substantiated explanation based on evidence.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct nuclear notation for an isotope of carbon with 7 neutrons?

Accepted Answer

$$^{13}_{6}\mathrm{C}$$

Question 6

A sample of a compound contains only sodium and chlorine. Which of the following best describes this sample?

Accepted Answer

It is a pure substance.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct formula for the compound formed between magnesium and nitrate ion?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Mg(NO_3$)_2}$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the Rutherford gold foil experiment is correct?

Accepted Answer

It demonstrated that atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense, positively charged nucleus.

Question 9

How many significant figures should be reported for the result of $$4.56 	imes 1.4$$?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 10

Which of the following ions is a Type II cation?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Fe$$^{2+}$$}$$

Question 11

A student needs to convert 25.0 inches to centimeters. Which calculation is correct?

Accepted Answer

$$25.0 	imes 2.54 = 63.5 cm$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes an isotope?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{$$FeCl_3$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) chloride

Question 14

A sample of gas has a mass of 0.850 g and occupies a volume of 0.500 L. What is its density?

Accepted Answer

$$1.70\ \mathrm{g/L}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a property of metals?

Accepted Answer

They are generally good conductors of heat and electricity.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for sulfuric acid?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$$

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the atomic mass unit (amu) is correct?

Accepted Answer

1 amu is defined as exactly one-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{N_2O_5}$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Question 19

A neutral atom of phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and a mass number of 31. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

15 protons, 16 neutrons, 15 electrons

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between ionic and covalent compounds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compounds are formed between metals and nonmetals, while covalent compounds are formed between nonmetals.

General Chemistry I: Exam 1 Study Guide – Matter, Measurement, and Atomic Structure

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