Question 1

Which of the following best describes a chemical property?

Accepted Answer

Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust.

Question 2

Which of the following is a diatomic molecule in its natural state?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen, $$\mathrm{N}_2$$

Question 3

A sample contains $$80\%$$ $$^{35}\mathrm{Cl} ($$atomic mass $$34.97 u) $$and $$20\%$$ $$^{37}\mathrm{Cl} ($$atomic mass $$36.97 u). $$What is the average atomic mass of chlorine?

Accepted Answer

$$35.37 u$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct formula for magnesium chloride?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{MgCl}_2$$

Question 6

A neutral atom of phosphorus ($$Z=15) $$has how many electrons, protons, and neutrons if its mass number is $$31$$?

Accepted Answer

15 electrons, 15 protons, 16 neutrons

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the difference between a period and a group on the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

A period is a horizontal row; a group is a vertical column.

Question 8

Which of the following elements is a metal?

Accepted Answer

Sodium ($$\mathrm{Na})$$

Question 9

What is the charge on an ion formed when a neutral atom of magnesium loses two electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$2^+$$

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{Na}_2\mathrm{SO}_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Sodium sulfate

Question 11

Which of the following is a physical change?

Accepted Answer

Dissolving sugar in water

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for dinitrogen tetroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}_4$$

Question 13

A sample of an unknown element contains atoms with 20 protons, 20 electrons, and 22 neutrons. What is the identity and mass number of this element?

Accepted Answer

Calcium, mass number 42

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a cation?

Accepted Answer

An atom that has lost electrons and has a positive charge

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of scientific notation for the number $$0.00056$$?

Accepted Answer

$$5.6 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for ammonium nitrate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH}_4\mathrm{NO}_3$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about metals and nonmetals is correct?

Accepted Answer

Metals are malleable and ductile.

Question 19

A student is asked to round the number $$0.004567 to $$two significant figures. What is the correct answer?

Accepted Answer

$$0.0046$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the factor-label method (dimensional analysis)?

Accepted Answer

A method for converting units using conversion factors.

General Chemistry I: Foundational Concepts and Atomic Structure Study Guide

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