Q4. Read the water level with the correct number of significant figures.

Background

Topic: Measurement and Significant Figures

This question tests your ability to correctly read a graduated cylinder and report the measurement with the appropriate number of significant figures.

Key Terms:

• Significant Figures: Digits in a measurement that are known with certainty plus one digit that is estimated.

• Graduated Cylinder: A tool used to measure the volume of liquids.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Observe the water level in the graduated cylinder and identify the smallest division marked on the scale.

2. Estimate the value between the smallest divisions to add one more digit (the uncertain digit).

3. Report the measurement using all certain digits plus one estimated digit, ensuring the correct number of significant figures.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q5. Read the temperature with the correct number of significant figures.

Background

Topic: Measurement and Significant Figures

This question tests your ability to read a thermometer and report the temperature with the correct number of significant figures.

Key Terms:

• Significant Figures: Digits in a measurement that are known with certainty plus one digit that is estimated.

• Thermometer: An instrument used to measure temperature.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Look at the thermometer and identify the smallest division marked (e.g., 1°C, 0.1°C).

2. Estimate the value between the smallest divisions to add one more digit (the uncertain digit).

3. Report the temperature using all certain digits plus one estimated digit, ensuring the correct number of significant figures.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q6. Read the length of the metal bar with the correct number of significant figures.

Background

Topic: Measurement and Significant Figures

This question tests your ability to read a ruler and report the length with the correct number of significant figures.

Key Terms:

• Significant Figures: Digits in a measurement that are known with certainty plus one digit that is estimated.

• Ruler: An instrument used to measure length.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Observe the position of the metal bar on the ruler and identify the smallest division marked (e.g., 1 cm, 0.1 cm).

2. Estimate the value between the smallest divisions to add one more digit (the uncertain digit).

3. Report the length using all certain digits plus one estimated digit, ensuring the correct number of significant figures.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!

Q14. Select the orbital diagram for the Ni2+ ion and whether the ion is diamagnetic or paramagnetic.

Background

Topic: Electron Configuration and Magnetism

This question tests your understanding of how to draw orbital diagrams for ions and determine if the ion is diamagnetic (all electrons paired) or paramagnetic (unpaired electrons present).

Key Terms:

• Orbital Diagram: Visual representation of electron arrangement in orbitals.

• Diamagnetic: Substance with all electrons paired; not attracted to a magnetic field.

• Paramagnetic: Substance with unpaired electrons; attracted to a magnetic field.

Step-by-Step Guidance

1. Write the electron configuration for neutral Ni (Nickel), then remove two electrons for Ni2+.

2. Draw the orbital diagram for the resulting electron configuration, showing how electrons fill the 4s and 3d orbitals.

3. Check if all electrons are paired in the diagram to determine if the ion is diamagnetic or paramagnetic.

Try solving on your own before revealing the answer!