Question 1

Which of the following best explains why gases are compressible, but solids and liquids are not?

Accepted Answer

Gases have particles that are far apart with a lot of empty space between them.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about intermolecular forces is correct?

Accepted Answer

Dispersion forces are present in all molecules and atoms.

Question 3

A sample of water is heated from $$0^\circ \mathrm{C} to$$ $$100^\circ \mathrm{C} at 1 $$atm. Which segment of the heating curve corresponds to the phase change from solid to liquid?

Accepted Answer

The segment where the temperature remains constant at $$0^\circ \mathrm{C}.$$

Question 4

Which of the following substances would you expect to have the highest boiling point, assuming similar molar masses?

Accepted Answer

A molecule capable of hydrogen bonding

Question 5

Why does water have a relatively high boiling point compared to other molecules of similar molar mass?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules form strong hydrogen bonds with each other.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the process of sublimation?

Accepted Answer

A solid changes directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase.

Question 7

A beaker contains 100 mL of water at $$25^\circ \mathrm{C} in a $$wide, shallow dish. Another beaker contains 100 mL of water at $$25^\circ \mathrm{C} in a $$tall, narrow cylinder. Which sample will have the greatest rate of vaporization and why?

Accepted Answer

The sample in the wide, shallow dish because it has a larger surface area.

Question 8

Which of the following factors will increase the viscosity of a liquid?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the strength of intermolecular forces

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Ice is less dense than liquid water due to the open structure formed by hydrogen bonding.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about phase diagrams is correct?

Accepted Answer

The triple point is where all three phases (solid, liquid, gas) coexist in equilibrium.

Question 11

Which of the following is a real-life example of capillary action?

Accepted Answer

Water rising up a paper towel when one end is dipped in water.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the relationship between vapor pressure and intermolecular forces?

Accepted Answer

The weaker the intermolecular forces, the higher the vapor pressure.

Question 13

A liquid boils when its vapor pressure equals the external pressure. What will happen to the boiling point of water if you climb a mountain where atmospheric pressure is lower?

Accepted Answer

The boiling point will decrease.

Question 14

Which of the following is the strongest type of intermolecular force present in a mixture of sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

Ion–dipole force

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why branched alkanes have lower boiling points than straight-chain alkanes of the same molar mass?

Accepted Answer

Branched alkanes have less surface-to-surface contact, resulting in weaker dispersion forces.

Question 16

Which of the following processes is exothermic?

Accepted Answer

Freezing of water

Question 17

Which of the following factors will increase the rate of evaporation of a liquid?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the surface area of the liquid

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the energy changes during the melting of ice at $$0^\circ \mathrm{C}$$?

Accepted Answer

Energy is absorbed to overcome intermolecular attractions.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the surface tension of a liquid?

Accepted Answer

It increases with stronger intermolecular forces.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the melting of ice cools a drink more than simply warming the ice from $$-10^\circ \mathrm{C} to$$ $$0^\circ \mathrm{C}$$?

Accepted Answer

The heat of fusion is much larger than the heat required to warm the ice.

Ch 12 - Liquids, Solids, & Intermolecular Forces: Study Notes

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard