Question 1

Which of the following compounds is aromatic according to Hückel's rule?

Accepted Answer

Benzene

Question 2

Azulene and fulvene are hydrocarbons with significant dipole moments. Which statement best explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

They possess important resonance forms that separate charge, creating a dipole.

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct order of reactivity toward electrophilic aromatic substitution for the following compounds: benzoic acid, phenol, benzene, toluene?

Accepted Answer

Benzoic acid \u003c benzene \u003c toluene \u003c phenol

Question 4

When benzene is treated with excess tert-butyl chloride ($$t-$$BuCl) and $$\mathrm{$$AlCl_3$$}$$, 1,3,5-tri-tert-butylbenzene is formed. What is the main reason for this selectivity?

Accepted Answer

Steric hindrance prevents substitution at adjacent positions.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why the basicity of $$p-(Y)-$$substituted anilines changes depending on the substituent $$Y$$?

Accepted Answer

Substituents alter the electron density on the nitrogen atom through resonance and inductive effects.

Question 6

In the Hofmann elimination of butan-2-amine, why are low-substituted (less substituted) olefins formed preferentially?

Accepted Answer

The bulky leaving group favors elimination at less hindered positions.

Question 7

Why does bromination of indole occur preferentially at the C3 position?

Accepted Answer

The C3 position is most activated due to resonance stabilization of the intermediate.

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in acetonitrile?

Accepted Answer

$$sp$$

Question 9

Which reagent is required for the nitration of benzene?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$HNO_3$$}$$ and $$\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$$

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the mechanism of Friedel–Crafts acylation is correct?

Accepted Answer

The acylium ion ($$\mathrm{RCO^+}) is $$generated as the electrophile.

Question 11

Which of the following correctly lists the hybridization of the nitrogen atom in pyrrole?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^2$$

Question 12

In a Diels–Alder reaction, the regioselectivity is best explained by:

Accepted Answer

The interaction between the HOMO of the diene and the LUMO of the dienophile.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the pericyclic cyclization of $$(2Z,4Z,6Z,8Z)-$$deca-2,4,6,8-tetraene is correct?

Accepted Answer

The reaction proceeds via a conrotatory pathway.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct order of ease of electrophilic substitution for the following groups: $$-NO_2$, -OH$, $$-$$CH_3$$, $$-COOH$$?

Accepted Answer

$$-NO_2$ \u003c -COOH \u003c -CH_3$ \u003c -OH$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why electron-donating groups increase the rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution?

Accepted Answer

They increase the electron density on the aromatic ring, stabilizing the carbocation intermediate.

Question 16

Which of the following is the main product when benzene is treated with $$\mathrm{Br_2$}$$ and $$\mathrm{$$FeBr_3$$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Bromobenzene

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the hybridization of nitrogen in azobenzene ($$\mathrm{PhN=NPh}) is $$correct?

Accepted Answer

Both nitrogen atoms are $$sp^2$$ hybridized.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct synthetic route to prepare acetophenone from benzene?

Accepted Answer

Friedel–Crafts acylation with $$\mathrm{CH_3COCl}$$ and $$\mathrm{$$AlCl_3$$}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the stereoselectivity in a Diels–Alder reaction?

Accepted Answer

It is determined by the suprafacial interaction of the diene and dienophile orbitals.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct hybridization for the nitrogen atom in triethylamine?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3$$

Organic Chemistry Study Guidance: Aromaticity, Electrophilic Substitution, Nitrogen Compounds, and Pericyclic Reactions

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard