Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the atomic radius decreases across a period from left to right in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons increases, increasing the effective nuclear charge and pulling electrons closer.

Question 2

Which element would you expect to have the highest first ionization energy based on periodic trends?

Accepted Answer

Neon (Ne)

Question 3

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with Ne (Neon)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{F^-}$$

Question 4

What is the condensed electron configuration for Gallium (Ga)?

Accepted Answer

$$[\mathrm{Ar}]\ 3d$$^{10}$$\ 4s^2$\ 4p^1$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the Pauli Exclusion Principle is correct?

Accepted Answer

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Question 6

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a $$2+$$ cation to achieve a noble gas configuration?

Accepted Answer

Magnesium (Mg)

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the trend in metallic character across a period?

Accepted Answer

Metallic character decreases from left to right.

Question 8

Which of the following ions has the smallest ionic radius?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Al$$^{3+}$$}$$

Question 9

Which of the following electron configurations represents a diamagnetic ion?

Accepted Answer

$$[\mathrm{Ar}]\ 3d$$^{10}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why cations are smaller than their parent atoms?

Accepted Answer

Cations have fewer electrons, reducing electron-electron repulsion and allowing the nucleus to pull electrons closer.

Question 11

Which of the following elements would have the most negative electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine (Cl)

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct order of filling for the sublevels according to the Aufbau principle?

Accepted Answer

$$1s \rightarrow 2s \rightarrow 2p \rightarrow 3s \rightarrow 3p \rightarrow 4s \rightarrow 3d$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the trend in first ionization energy down a group?

Accepted Answer

First ionization energy decreases down a group.

Question 14

Which of the following elements is a metalloid and often used as a semiconductor?

Accepted Answer

Silicon (Si)

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why halogens are highly reactive nonmetals?

Accepted Answer

They have seven valence electrons and tend to gain one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for a $$\mathrm{Zn$$^{2+}$$}$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

$$[\mathrm{Ar}]\ 3d$$^{10}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the trend in atomic radius for the transition elements across a period?

Accepted Answer

Atomic radius remains nearly constant across the transition elements.

Question 18

Which of the following ions is paramagnetic?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Fe$$^{3+}$$}$$: $$[\mathrm{Ar}]\ 3d^5$

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why the 4s orbital is filled before the 3d orbital?

Accepted Answer

The 4s orbital is lower in energy than the 3d orbital.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the electron configuration of a noble gas?

Accepted Answer

$$ns^2np^6$

Periodic Properties of the Elements: Structure, Trends, and Electron Configurations

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